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Intrauterine Programming of Diabetes and Adiposity

  • Metabolism (P Trayhurn, Section Editor)
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Abstract

The prevalence of diabetes and adiposity has increased at an alarming rate and together they contribute to the rise in morbidity and mortality worldwide. Genetic studies till date have succeeded in explaining only a proportion of heritability, while a major component remains unexplained. Early life determinants of future risk of these diseases are likely contributors to the missing heritability and thus have a significant potential in disease prevention. Epidemiological and animal studies show the importance of intrauterine and early postnatal environment in programming of the fetus to adverse metabolic outcomes and support the notion of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Emerging evidence highlights the role of epigenetic mechanisms in mediating effects of environmental exposures, which in certain instances may exhibit intergenerational transmission even in the absence of exposure. In this article, we will discuss the complexity of diabetes and increased adiposity and mechanisms of programming of these adverse metabolic conditions.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, India for support (BSC0118).

Compliance with Ethics Guidelines

ᅟ

Conflict of Interest

Ashutosh Singh Tomar, Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada, Suraj Singh Nongmaithem, Smeeta Shrestha, Chittaranjan S Yajnik, and Giriraj Ratan Chandak declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500 007, India

      Ashutosh Singh Tomar, Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada, Suraj Singh Nongmaithem, Smeeta Shrestha & Giriraj Ratan Chandak

    2. Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India

      Chittaranjan S. Yajnik

    3. Adjunct Group Leader, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

      Giriraj Ratan Chandak

    Authors
    1. Ashutosh Singh Tomar
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    2. Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada
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    3. Suraj Singh Nongmaithem
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    4. Smeeta Shrestha
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    5. Chittaranjan S. Yajnik
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    6. Giriraj Ratan Chandak
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    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Giriraj Ratan Chandak.

    Additional information

    This article is part of the Topical Collection on Metabolism

    Ashutosh Singh Tomar and Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada contributed equally to this work.

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    Tomar, A.S., Tallapragada, D.S.P., Nongmaithem, S.S. et al. Intrauterine Programming of Diabetes and Adiposity. Curr Obes Rep 4, 418–428 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-015-0175-6

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