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Renin angiotensin aldosterone system blockade and renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a subanalysis of Japanese patients from the RENAAL study

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Abstract

Background

The Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) study has previously shown losartan to confer significant benefits to patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. The original study of 1513 patients included 96 Japanese patients; the present study is a post-hoc analysis of the effects of losartan in this Japanese subpopulation.

Methods

This double-blind, randomized study compared losartan (50 to 100 mg once daily) with placebo. The study medication was taken in addition to conventional antihypertensive treatment, and the mean follow-up period for the Japanese patients was 2.8 years. The primary endpoint was the composite of doubling of serum creatinine, endstage renal disease, or death. Secondary endpoints included changes in proteinuria levels. Safety was also evaluated.

Results

The primary composite endpoint was reached in fewer Japanese patients receiving losartan than placebo (50.0% versus 65.4%, respectively). The treatment effects of losartan were more robust when data were corrected for differences in proteinuria at baseline – a significant relative risk reduction of 45% with losartan (P = 0.0397) was apparent. Treatment benefit exceeded that attributable to blood pressure changes alone. Levels of proteinuria were reduced with losartan compared with placebo, with an overall losartan treatment effect of 37.8% (P < 0.001). Overall, losartan was similarly well tolerated in both the Japanese patients and the total population.

Conclusions

In Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy, losartan offers renal protection and is generally well tolerated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology of the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan

    Kiyoshi Kurokawa

  2. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China

    Juliana C.N. Chan

  3. Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Mark E. Cooper

  4. Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA

    William F. Keane, Shahnaz Shahinfar & Zhongxin Zhang

Authors
  1. Kiyoshi Kurokawa
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  2. Juliana C.N. Chan
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  3. Mark E. Cooper
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  4. William F. Keane
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  5. Shahnaz Shahinfar
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  6. Zhongxin Zhang
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Correspondence to Kiyoshi Kurokawa.

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Kurokawa, K., Chan, J., Cooper, M. et al. Renin angiotensin aldosterone system blockade and renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a subanalysis of Japanese patients from the RENAAL study. Clin Exp Nephrol 10, 193–200 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-006-0427-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-006-0427-6

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