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Ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids and phenolic compounds from Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves

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Abstract

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was optimized for extraction of flavonoids and phenolics from dried leaves of Ocimum tenuiflorum using response surface methodology with a central composite rotatable design and independent variables of ethanol concentration (30-70%), sonication time (5-15 min), and ultrasonic energy density (UED) (0.15-0.35 W/cm3). A significant (p<0.0001) quadratic model described experimental data with a non-significant lack of fit (p>0.05). Linear and quadratic effects of independent variables significantly (p<0.001) influenced flavonoid content (FC) and total phenolic content (TPC) yields. Optimized UAE conditions of ethanol concentration, sonication time, and UED were 55.34%, 11.71 min, and 0.26 W/cm3, respectively, resulting in predicted FC and TPC yields of 6.69 mg of quercetin equivalents QE/g and 9.41 mg of gallic acid equivalents GAE/g, respectively. HPLC analysis revealed different phenolic and flavonoid compounds. UAE extracts exhibited better in vitro antioxidant activities and thermo-oxidative stability values than conventional solvent extracts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural & Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India

    Rohit Upadhyay, Ganesh Nachiappan & Hari Niwas Mishra

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  1. Rohit Upadhyay
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  2. Ganesh Nachiappan
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  3. Hari Niwas Mishra
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Correspondence to Rohit Upadhyay.

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Upadhyay, R., Nachiappan, G. & Mishra, H.N. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids and phenolic compounds from Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves. Food Sci Biotechnol 24, 1951–1958 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0257-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0257-y

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