Abstract
Objectives
The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of a sodium hypochlorite formulation including its components against bacteria associated with periodontal disease.
Materials and methods
Sodium hypochlorite formulation (NaOCl gel), its components sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and the activating vehicle were compared with 0.1 % chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) solution. The antimicrobial activity was proven by determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentrations, and killing assays. Furthermore, the influence on formation as well as on a 4-day-old 6-species biofilm was tested.
Results
Except for one strain (Parvimonas micra ATCC 33270 in case of NaOCl gel), the MICs both of the CHX solution and NaOCl gel did not exceed 10 % of the formulations’ concentration. In general, MICs of the NaOCl gel were equal as of the CHX solution against Gram-negatives but higher against Gram-positive bacteria. CHX but not NaOCl gel clearly inhibited biofilm formation; however, the activity of NaOCl gel was more remarkable on a 4-day-old biofilm. NaOCl killed bacteria in the biofilm and interfered with the matrix.
Conclusions
The NaOCl gel acts antimicrobial in particular against Gram-negative species associated with periodontitis. Moreover, its component NaOCl hypochlorite is able to alter biofilm matrices.
Clinical relevance
The NaOCl gel may represent a potential alternative for adjunctive topical antimicrobial treatment in periodontitis.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Anna Magdon and Stéphanie Larti (Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern) for the technical assistance.
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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Funding
This study was funded by by Regedent AG, Zurich, Switzerland.
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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Jurczyk, K., Nietzsche, S., Ender, C. et al. In-vitro activity of sodium-hypochlorite gel on bacteria associated with periodontitis. Clin Oral Invest 20, 2165–2173 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1711-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1711-9