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Magnetic dual task-specific polymeric ionic liquid nanoparticles for preconcentration and determination of gold, palladium and platinum prior to their quantitation by graphite furnace AAS

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Abstract

The authors describe a hybrid of magnetic task-specific poly(ionic liquid) containing dual task-specific sites in an approach to both preconcentrate and quantify gold(III), palladium(II) and platinum(IV). The hybrid was obtained by successive alkaline coprecipitation, sol-gel, quaternization, elimination, anion exchange and polymerization. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, and vibrating sample magnetometry. It was applied as an effective sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction of gold(III), palladium(II) and platinum(IV) ions. The effects of sample pH, amount of adsorbent, extraction time, eluent concentration and volume were optimized. Following elution with a thiourea/HCl solution, the ions were quantified by graphite furnace AAS. The calibration plot is linear in the 50 to 350 ng·L−1 gold(III) concentration range, in the 50 to 650 ng·L−1 palladium(II) concentration range, and in the 150 to 2100 ng L−1 platinum(IV), respectively. Other figures of merit for noble metals determination, respective, include (a) detection limits of at 19.7, 22.3 and 107.0 ng·L−1, (b) enrichment factors of 197, 174 and 168; and (c) reproducibilities (expressed as relative standard deviations) of 2.1%, 1.4% and 1.5%. In our perception, the method excels by its high sensitivity and preconcentration capability. It was successfully applied to the determination of gold(III), palladium(II) and platinum(IV) in certified reference materials and (spiked) real samples.

An adsorbent assembling dual task-specific poly(ionic liquid) onto magnetic nanoparticles was used to preconcentrate noble metals. After experimental optimizations, the resulting magnetic hybrid material was applied to measure the concentration of noble metals in real samples.

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Acknowledgements

The project was supported by State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, China (2015-29).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China

    Shaoyan Zhou, Naizhong Song, Xueju Lv & Qiong Jia

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  1. Shaoyan Zhou
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  2. Naizhong Song
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  4. Qiong Jia
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Correspondence to Qiong Jia.

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The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests. All procedures performed in this article did not contain any studies with human participants or animals. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Zhou, S., Song, N., Lv, X. et al. Magnetic dual task-specific polymeric ionic liquid nanoparticles for preconcentration and determination of gold, palladium and platinum prior to their quantitation by graphite furnace AAS. Microchim Acta 184, 3497–3504 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2354-5

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