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Transmigration of macrophages across the choroid plexus epithelium in response to the feline immunodeficiency virus

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Abstract

Although lentiviruses such as human, feline and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV, FIV, SIV) rapidly gain access to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the mechanisms that control this entry are not well understood. One possibility is that the virus may be carried into the brain by immune cells that traffic across the blood–CSF barrier in the choroid plexus. Since few studies have directly examined macrophage trafficking across the blood–CSF barrier, we established transwell and explant cultures of feline choroid plexus epithelium and measured trafficking in the presence or absence of FIV. Macrophages in co-culture with the epithelium showed significant proliferation and robust trafficking that was dependent on the presence of epithelium. Macrophage migration to the apical surface of the epithelium was particularly robust in the choroid plexus explants where 3-fold increases were seen over the first 24 h. Addition of FIV to the cultures greatly increased the number of surface macrophages without influencing replication. The epithelium in the transwell cultures was also permissive to PBMC trafficking, which increased from 17 to 26% of total cells after exposure to FIV. Thus, the choroid plexus epithelium supports trafficking of both macrophages and PBMCs. FIV significantly enhanced translocation of macrophages and T cells indicating that the choroid plexus epithelium is likely to be an active site of immune cell trafficking in response to infection.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by NIH Grant MH 063646.

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Author notes

  1. D. C. Bragg

    Present address: Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology and Curriculum in Neurobiology, University of North Carolina, CB #7025, 6109F Neuroscience Research Building 103 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    Rick B. Meeker, D. C. Bragg & Winona Poulton

  2. Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA

    Lola Hudson

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  1. Rick B. Meeker
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  2. D. C. Bragg
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Correspondence to Rick B. Meeker.

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Meeker, R.B., Bragg, D.C., Poulton, W. et al. Transmigration of macrophages across the choroid plexus epithelium in response to the feline immunodeficiency virus. Cell Tissue Res 347, 443–455 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-011-1301-8

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