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Austropleospora osteospermi gen. et sp. nov. and its host specificity and distribution on Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata in Australia

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Abstract

Hendersonia osteospermi was found for the first time in Australia on leaf spots of the introduced invasive plant Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata (bitou bush) in coastal regions of New South Wales. Pathogenicity tests on species from 11 tribes in the family Asteraceae, demonstrated that H. osteospermi caused severe necrosis on leaves and stems of C. monilifera ssp. rotundata and its congener C. monilifera ssp. monilifera (boneseed). Small necrotic spots also developed on Osteospermum fruticosum and Dimorphotheca cuneata in the Calenduleae and on Helianthus annuus (sunflower) in the Heliantheae. None of the other plant species tested developed leaf spots, although H. osteospermi was re-isolated from senescent leaves of Cynara scolymus (globe artichoke) in the Cynareae and Vernonia cinerea in the Vernonieae. Single ascospores from ascomata of a Pleospora-like fungus found on diseased stems of bitou bush produced H. osteospermi in culture, which proved the anamorph/teleomorph connection. The ITS region of both a single-ascospore isolate and a single-conidium isolate were sequenced and found to be identical. The taxonomic status of H. osteospermi is re-examined and Austropleospora osteospermi gen. et sp. nov. is described as its teleomorph based on morphology, host range tests and DNA sequence analysis. The potential of A. osteospermi for the biological control of bitou bush and boneseed in Australia is discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This project would not have been possible without the support of the respective organisation of each co-author. We are grateful to all stakeholders who kindly collected and sent diseased material. We also wish to acknowledge the NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change (DECC) for financially and logistically supporting L. Morin’s visit to the Coffs Harbour area in March 2008. Thanks are due to Mr Martin Smith (DECC) for his relentless interest and support in collecting field material and to Ms Hillary Cherry (DECC) for her efforts in encouraging stakeholders to collect diseased specimens. Thanks are also extended to Mr Tom Morley (Department of Primary Industries Victoria) for providing boneseed seeds, Ms Sue Thompson (Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries) for seeds of sunflower, Mr Alexander Roberts (Australian Quarantine Inspection Services) for seeds of W. biflora, Dr John Hosking (Department of Primary Industries NSW) for seeds of S. pinnatifolius and Dr John Scott (CSIRO Entomology) for seedlings of V. dealbatum. We are also grateful to Dr Don Gomez of CSIRO Entomology and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on a draft of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia

    Louise Morin & M. C. Piper

  2. Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Plant Pathology Herbarium, 80 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Queensland, 4069, Australia

    R. G. Shivas & Y. P. Tan

Authors
  1. Louise Morin
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  2. R. G. Shivas
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  3. M. C. Piper
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  4. Y. P. Tan
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Correspondence to Louise Morin.

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Morin, L., Shivas, R.G., Piper, M.C. et al. Austropleospora osteospermi gen. et sp. nov. and its host specificity and distribution on Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata in Australia. Fungal Diversity 40, 65–74 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-009-0007-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-009-0007-7

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