Abstract
Many fish stocks in the world are depleted as a result of overexploitation, which reduces stock productivity and results in loss of potential yields. In this study we analyzed the catch trends and approximate thresholds of sustainable fishing for fished stocks to estimate the potential loss of catch and revenue of global fisheries as a result of overexploitation during the period of 1950–2010 in 14 FAO fishing areas. About 35% of stocks in the global marine ocean have or had suffered from overexploitation at present. The global catch losses amounted to 332.8 million tonnes over 1950–2010, resulting in a direct economic loss of US$298.9 billion (constant 2005 US$). Unsustainable fishing caused substantial potential losses worldwide, especially in the northern hemisphere. Estimated potential losses due to overfishing for different groups of resources showed that the low-value but abundant small-medium pelagics made the largest contribution to the global catch loss, with a weight of 265.0 million tonnes. The geographic expansion of overfishing not only showed serial depletion of world’s fishery resources, but also reflected how recent trends towards sustainability can stabilize or reverse catch losses. Reduction of global fishing capacity and changes in fishery management systems are necessary if the long-term sustainability of marine fisheries in the world is to be achieved.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Balmford A, Bruner A, Cooper P, et al. 2002. Economic reasons for conserving wild nature. Science, 297(5583): 950–953
Branch T A, Jensen O P, Ricard D, et al. 2011. Contrasting global trends in marine fishery status obtained from catches and from stock assessments. Conservation Biology, 25(4): 777–786
Butchart S H M, Walpole M, Collen B, et al. 2010. Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines. Science, 328(5982): 1164–1168
Caddy J F, Carocci F, Coppola S. 1998. Have peak fishery production levels been passed in continental shelf area? Some perspectives arising from historical trends in production per shelf area. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science, 23: 191–220
Caddy J F, Garibaldi L. 2000. Apparent changes in the trophic composition of world marine harvests: the perspective from the FAO capture database. Ocean & Coastal Management, 43(8-9): 615–655
FAO. 2011. Review of the State of World Marine Fishery Resources. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 3–208
FAO. 2014. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 3–93
Foley C M R. 2013. Management implications of fishing up, down, or through the marine food web. Marine Policy, 37: 176–182
Kleisner K, Zeller D, Froese R, et al. 2013. Using global catch data for inferences on the world's marine fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 14(3): 293–311
Mora C, Myers R A, Coll M, et al. 2009. Management effectiveness of the world's marine fisheries. PLoS Biology, 7(6): e1000131
Morato T, Watson R, Pitcher T J, et al. 2006. Fishing down the deep. Fish and Fisheries, 7(1): 24–34
Myers R A, Worm B. 2003. Rapid worldwide depletion of predatory fish communities. Nature, 423(6937): 280–283
Pauly D. 2008. Global fisheries: a brief review. Journal of Biological Research, 9: 3–9
Pauly D, Christensen V, Dalsgaard J, et al. 1998. Fishing down marine food webs. Science, 279(5352): 860–863
Pauly D, Christensen V, Guénette S, et al. 2002. Towards sustainability in world fisheries. Nature, 418(6898): 689–695
Pitcher T J, Cheung W W L. 2013. Fisheries: hope or despair?. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 74(2): 506–516
Pitcher T, Kalikoski D, Pramod G, et al. 2009. Not honouring the code. Nature, 457(7230): 658–659
Schwartzlose R A, Alheit J, Bakun A, et al. 1999. Worldwide large-scale fluctuations of sardine and anchovy populations. South African Journal of Marine Science, 21(1): 289–347
Sethi S A, Branch T A, Watson R. 2010. Global fishery development patterns are driven by profit but not trophic level. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(27): 12163–12167
Smith M D, Roheim C A, Crowder L B, et al. 2010. Sustainability and global seafood. Science, 327(5967): 784–786
Srinivasan U T, Carey S P, Hallstein E, et al. 2008. The debt of nations and the distribution of ecological impacts from human activities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(5): 1768–1773
Srinivasan U T, Cheung W W L, Watson R, et al. 2010. Food security implications of global marine catch losses due to overfishing. Journal of Bioeconomics, 12(3): 183–200
Srinivasan U T, Watson R, Sumaila U R. 2012. Global fisheries losses at the exclusive economic zone level, 1950 to present. Marine Policy, 36(2): 544–549
Sumaila U R, Cheung W, Dyck A, et al. 2012. Benefits of rebuilding global marine fisheries outweigh costs. PLoS One, 7(7): e40542
Swartz W, Sala E, Tracey S, et al. 2010. The spatial expansion and ecological footprint of fisheries (1950 to present). PLoS One, 5(12): e15143
The World Bank and FAO. 2009. The Sunken Billions: The Economic Justification for Fisheries Reform. Washington DC: The World Bank, 1–84
Tsikliras A C, Dinouli A, Tsiros V Z, et al. 2015. The mediterranean and black sea fisheries at risk from overexploitation. PLoS One, 10(3): e0121188
Tsikliras A C, Tsiros V Z, Stergiou K I. 2013. Assessing the state of Greek marine fisheries resources. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 20(1): 34–41
Vaughan D S, Shertzer K W, Smith J W. 2007. Gulf menhaden (Brevoortia patronus) in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: fishery characteristics and biological reference points for management. Fisheries Research, 83(2-3): 263–275
Watson R A, Cheung W W L, Anticamara J A, et al. 2013. Global marine yield halved as fishing intensity redoubles. Fish and Fisheries, 14(4): 493–503
Worm B, Barbier E B, Beaumont N, et al. 2006. Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services. Science, 314(5800): 787–790
Worm B, Hilborn R, Baum J K, et al. 2009. Rebuilding global fisheries. Science, 325(5940): 578–585
Ye Y, Cochrane K, Bianchi G, et al. 2013. Rebuilding global fisheries: the World Summit Goal, costs and benefits. Fish and Fisheries, 14(2): 174–185
Acknowledgements
Data were obtained from the Sea Around Us Project and Fishbase for which we are grateful.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos NSFC41306127 and NSFC41276156; the Funding Program for Outstanding Dissertations in Shanghai Ocean University; the Funding Scheme for Training Young Teachers in Shanghai Colleges and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Fisheries Discipline); the involvement of Y. Chen was supported by the SHOU International Center for Marine Studies and Shanghai 1000 Talent Program.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ding, Q., Chen, X., Chen, Y. et al. Estimation of catch losses resulting from overexploitation in the global marine fisheries. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 36, 37–44 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-017-1096-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-017-1096-x