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Geotouristic Approach to the Elements of Geocultural Heritage by Using UGAM Model: UNESCO World Heritage Site Felix Romuliana (Zaječar, Serbia)

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Abstract

This article presents a new Urban Geoheritage Assessment Model (UGAM) for the tourism potential of urban geoheritage. The model was applied to the well-known archaeological site Felix Romuliana (Serbia), so as to determine if the site has the potential to become an urban geosite. To support the UGAM model, a mineralogical-petrographical examination of the building stone available to visitors (both on the site and in the Zaječar National Museum) was carried out, and geological outcrops near the site were observed. The obtained results indicate a significant petrographic diversity, with igneous (volcanic subgroup) rocks (hornblende andesite, red porphyry), along with sedimentary rocks (sandstone, lumachella), volcaniclastic rocks (volcaniclastic sandstone) and metamorphic (marbles) rocks. By comparing the obtained results with the local geology, two groups of building stones were recognised: a) stones of local provenience (hornblende andesite, lumachella, sandstone and volcaniclastic sandstone) and b) imported stones (red porphyry and marbles). UGAM parameters, such as educational potential, protection level, visitor safety, and promotional activities, confirmed that Felix Romuliana has great potential for urban geotourism development. However, parameters related to tourist infrastructure, such as the information centre, local accommodations, and restaurant services are minimal, and would need to be upgraded. The results of this study can inform policymakers, local governments and other interested stakeholders whether and how to develop urban geotourism in the future at Felix Romuliana.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Aleksandra Todorović Rašković and Milena Genčić from National Museum Zaječar and to Jelena Milojević, Jasna Đorđević and Dragan Đorđević, the employees on the Felix Romuliana site, for their precious help. The authors are also grateful to two anonymous reviewers which comments and requests improved the manuscript and to the editor for his editorial handling of the manuscript.

Funding

This article is the result of research on the project Development Programs for the Revitalisation of the Village of Serbia, funded by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological development (Grant No. 451-03-47/2023-01/200124). The study was partly financed by the „Contract on realization and financing of scientific research of SRI in 2023 “, No. 451-03-47/2023-01/200126 and by grand F-178 of Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

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  1. Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia

    Miloš Marjanović, Aleksandar Antić, Đoko Raičević & Slobodan B. Marković

  2. Department of Geography, Faculty of Sciences, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia

    Rastko Marković & Aleksandar R. Radivojević

  3. Faculty of Mining and Geology, University of Belgrade, Đušina 7, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Kristina Šarić

  4. Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Randall J. Schaetzl

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Marjanović, M., Marković, R., Šarić, K. et al. Geotouristic Approach to the Elements of Geocultural Heritage by Using UGAM Model: UNESCO World Heritage Site Felix Romuliana (Zaječar, Serbia). Geoheritage 16, 35 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-024-00940-2

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