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Spiranthes igniorchis (Orchidaceae), a new and rare cryptic species from the south-central Florida subtropical grasslands

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Abstract

Species complexes and cryptic species pose inherent challenges to taxonomists, systematists, and conservationists; Spiranthes (Orchidaceae) is a traditionally systematically challenging genus in which species complexes and cryptic species are a common phenomenon. Using an integrated approach of molecular phylogenetic, morphometric, and phenological data, we describe Spiranthes igniorchis, a new and rare species from frequently burned subtropical grasslands of Avon Park Air Force Range in south-central Florida. Spiranthes igniorchis is closely related and morphologically similar to Spiranthes longilabris, however S. igniorchis has smaller-sized flowers that bloom in the wet season, in contrast to S. longilabris, which has larger sized flowers that bloom in the dry season. We also present a discussion of its distinguishing characteristics and the challenges associated with species identification within Spiranthes.

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Acknowledgments

Sarah Friedrich (UW—Madison) drew and formatted the excellent line drawings and map; Dave Briley took the pictures of Spiranthes igniorchis used in Fig. 4. The authors wish to thank the following for issuing permits and helping to collect material for phylogenetic analysis: the Citizen Scientists of the Native Orchid Conference, Alan Cressler, Lucy Dueck, Jim Fowler, Tara Littlefield, Chris Ludwig, Daniela Roth, Dr. Scott Stewart, and Nancy Van Alstine. Dr. Gerardo Salazar generously provided DNA aliquots of outgroup genera. Dr. Ricardo Kriebel provided helpful information for morphometric analyses. We thank Alex Griffel for assistance with field surveys, data entry, and analysis of data useful in description of the habitat and phenology of S. igniorchis. Dr. Eve Emshwiller, Dr. Ken Sytsma, and two reviewers provided helpful commentary during the preparation of this manuscript. We thank the curators of the indicated herbaria for sending much needed loans, particularly Mark Wetter (WIS) for receiving and organizing them. Financial support was generously provided by the Botany Department of the University of Wisconsin—Madison, Native Plant Society of New Mexico, Society of Herbarium Curators, American Society of Plant Taxonomists, and the Native Orchid Conference.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Matthew C. Pace

    Present address: New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Matthew C. Pace & Kenneth M. Cameron

  2. Avon Park Air Force Range, 29 South Blvd, Avon Park, FL, 33825, USA

    Steve L. Orzell

  3. Botanical and Ecological Consultant, 5904 72nd Ave, NW, Gig Harbor, WA, 98335, USA

    Edwin L. Bridges

Authors
  1. Matthew C. Pace
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  2. Steve L. Orzell
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  3. Edwin L. Bridges
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  4. Kenneth M. Cameron
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matthew C. Pace.

Appendix 1

Appendix 1

Voucher information for the molecular analysis is listed as follows: Taxon name, sample name, sample number, voucher (herbarium), origin, GenBank accessions (nrITS, ACO, matK, ndhJ, trnF-L intron, trnS-fM, ycf1). An “—” indicates missing data (repeated failed amplification).

Deiregyne diaphana (Lindl.) Garay, Deiregyne_diaphana, Salazar 7788 (MEXU), Mexico, (KU752292,—, KU752267, KU935553, KU740267, KU935524, KX088317); Dichromanthus cinnabara (La Llave & Lex.) Garay, Dichromanthus_cinnabara, Figueroa s.n. (MEXU), Mexico, (KU752293, KU752265, KU752268, KU935554, KU740268, KU935525, KX088318); Mesadenus lucayanus (Britt.) Schltr., Mesadenus_lucayanus, Reyes 5314 (MEXU), (KU752294, KU752218, KU752269,—, KU740269, KU935526, KX088319); Sacoila lanceolata (Aubl.) Garay, Sacoila_lanceolata, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (EU384878, KU752266, KM262489,—, EU384827, EU384767, KX088320); Schiedeella llaveana (Lindl. ex Benth.) Schltr., Schiedella_llaveana, Salazar 6073 (MEXU), Mexico, (KU752295,—, KU752270, KU935555, KU740270,—, KU740265); Spiranthes brevilabris Lindl., 1g, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262274, KU752237, KM213768, KU935557, KM262505, KM283431, KX088321); Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich., sc9a, Pace 609 (NY), VA, (KU752296, KU752258,—, KU935561, KU740271, KU935527, KX088325); S. cernua, sc15b, Pace 616 (NY), GA, (KU752297, KU752259, KU752271, KU935562, KU740272, KU935528, KX088326); S. cernua, 4cc, Dueck et al. 2014, SC, (KM262291, KU752261, KM213803, KU935558, KM283642, KM283454, KX088322); S. cernua, 4dd, Dueck et al. 2014, NC, (KM262292, KU752260, KM213804, KU935559, KM283643, KM283455, KX088323); S. cernua, 4m, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262279, KU752257, KM213790, KU935560, KM283628, KM283440, KX088324); Spiranthes eatonii Ames ex P.M. Br., 7a, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262300,—, KM213779, KU935564, KM283651, KM283463, KX088328); Spiranthes floridana (Wherry) Cory, 8f, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262305, KU752233, KM213813, KU935565, KM283658, KM283470, KX088329); Spiranthes igniorchis M.C. Pace, 2a, Orzell & Bridges 26733 (NY), FL, (KX756343, KX793113, KX756352, KX756362, KX756373, KX756389, KX756333); S. igniorchis, 2c, Orzell & Bridges 26733 (NY), FL, (KX756344, KX793114, KX756353, KX756363, KX756374, KX756382, KX756334); S. igniorchis, 3a, Orzell & Bridges 26735 (NY), FL, (KX756345, KX793115, KX756354, KX756364, KX756375, KX756383, KX756335); S. igniorchis, 3b, Orzell & Bridges 26735 (NY), FL, (KX756346, KX793116, KX756355, KX756365, KX756376, KX756384, KX756336); S. igniorchis, 4a, Orzell & Bridges 26734 (NY), FL, (KX756347, KX793117, KX756356, KX756366, KX756377, KX756385, KX756337); S. igniorchis, 4b, Orzell & Bridges 26734 (NY), FL, (KX756348, KX793118, KX756357, KX756367, KX756378, KX756386, KX756338); S. igniorchis, 26733A, Orzell & Bridges 26733 (NY), FL, (KX756349, KX793119, KX756358, KX756368, KX756379, KX756387, KX756339); S. igniorchis, 26734B, Orzell & Bridges 26734 (NY), FL, (KX756350, KX793120, KX756359, KX756369, KX756380, KX756388, KX756340); Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf., 10d, Dueck et al. 2014, WI, (KM262309, KU752238, KM213818,—, KM283663, KM283475,—); Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis (Bigelow) Luer, 11a, Dueck et al. 2014, SC, (—, KU752239, KM213819, KU935566, KM283664, KM283476, KX088330); Spiranthes laciniata (Small) Ames, slt5a, Urbatsch 10064 (LSU), LA, (—, KU752231,—, KU935569, KU740273, KU935529, KX088333); S. laciniata, 12b, Dueck et al. 2014, GA, (KM262312, KU752230, KM213826, KU935568, KM283669, KM283481, KX088332); S. laciniata, 26728A, Orzell & Bridges 26728 (NY), FL, (KX756351, KX793121, KX756360, KX756370, KX756371, KX756381, KX756341); Spiranthes longilabris Lindl., 13a, Dueck et al. 2014, NC, (EU384844, KU752241, KM213830, KU935570, EU384787, EU384726, KX088334); S. longilabris, 13b, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262316,—, KM213831,—, KM283673, KM283485,—); S. longilabris, 13c, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (EU384845, KU752242, KM213832, KU935571, EU384788, EU384727, KX088335); S. longilabris, Avon, Orzell & Bridges 26720 (NY), FL, (—, KX793122, KX756361,—, KX756372,—, KX756342); Spiranthes lucida (H.H. Eaton) Ames, sl13d, Pace 576 (NY), AR, (KU752298, KU752220, KU752272, KU935572, KU740274, KU935530, KX088336); Spiranthes magnicamporum Sheviak, sm7h, Pace 594 (NY), NM, (KU752300, KU752251, KU752274, KU935577, KU740275, KU935532, KX088340); S. magnicamporum, sm11a, Van Alstine s.n. (WIS), VA, (KU752301, KU752252, KU752275, KU935578, KU740276, KU935533, KX088341); S. magnicamporum, sm12a, Fowler s.n. (WIS), GA, (KU752302, KU752253, KU752276, KU935579, KU740277, KU935534, KX088342); S. magnicamporum, sm15a, Oldham 39307 (NYS), Ontario, (KU752303, KU752254, KU752277, KU935580, KU740278, KU935535, KX088343); S. magnicamporum, 15e, Dueck et al. 2014, TX, (EU384851, KU752249, KM213842, KU935575, EU384794, EU384733, KX088338); Spiranthes ochroleuca (Rydb.) Rydb., 16a, Dueck et al. 2014, SC, (KM262322,—, KM213844, KU935582, KM283680, KM283492, KX088346); S. ochroleuca, 16b, Dueck et al. 2014, VA, (KM262323, KU752264, KM213845, KU935583, KM283681, KM283493, KX088347); Spiranthes odorata (Nutt.) Lindl., so1d, Pace s.n. (WIS), NC, (KU752307, KU752225, KU752280, KU935588, KU740282, KU935539, KX088352); Spiranthes ovalis Lindl., 18b, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262343,—, KM262260,—, KM283704, KM283516, KX088358); Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata Catling, 19c, Dueck et al. 2014, NC, (KM262346, KU752256, KM262263, KU935590, KM283707, KM283519, KX088359); S. ovalis var. erostellata, 19d, Dueck et al. 2014, SC, (KM262347,—, KM262264,—, KM283708, KM283520, KX088360); Spiranthes parksii Correll, 20a, Dueck et al. 2014, TX, (EU384861, KU752263, KM262231, KU935591, EU384800, EU384739, KX088361); Spiranthes praecox (Walter) S. Watson, 22i, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262364,—, KM262441, KU935593, KM283734, KM283546, KX088364); Spiranthes sylvatica P. M. Brown, 25d, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (EU384871, KU752221, KM262464, KU935594, EU384819, EU384759, KX088365); Spiranthes torta (Thunb.) Garay & H.R. Sweet, 28b, Dueck et al. 2014, FL, (KM262394, KU752235, KM262482, KU935595, KM283605, KM283579, KX088366); Spiranthes triloba (Small) Schum. emend. M.C. Pace, FL36, Pace 561 (NY), FL (KU752313, KU752243, KU752285, KU935598, KU740288, KU935545, KX088372); S. triloba, FL135, Pace s.n. (WIS), FL (KU752315,—, KU752287, KU935600, KU740290, KU935547, KX088374); S. triloba, FL146, Pace 618 (NY), FL (KU752316,—, KU752288,—, KU740291, KU935548, KX088375); S. triloba, FLAvon, Orzell 26717 (NY), FL (KU752317,—, KU752291,—, KU740294, KU935551, KX088378); S. triloba, 17m, Dueck et al. 2014, FL (—,—, KM262248, KU935596, KM283692, KM283504, KX088370); S. triloba, 17n, Dueck et al. 2014, FL (KM262332, KU752247, KM262249, KU935597, KM283693, KM283505, KX088371); Spiranthes tuberosa Raf., 26c, Dueck et al. 2014, WV (KM262384, KU752222, KM262466, KU935603, KM283623, KM283568, KX088381); Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & A. Gray, 27m, Dueck et al. 2014, FL (KM262392, KU752234, KM262478,—, KM283603, KM283577, KX088383).

Appendix 2

Additional specimens examined (*indicates specimens used for morphometric analysis).

Spiranthes igniorchis . UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. F lorida : Polk Co: Wet calcareous South Florida slash pine savanna, W of unnamed N-S Rd, ca. 0.31 mi N of Blood Grade, at a point ca. 3 air mi W of jct. Blood and Oliver Rds., Avon Park Air Force Range, 27°41’N, 81°12’W, 56 ft., 22 Aug 2014, *Orzell & Bridges 26733 (NY, FLAS, USF); Calcareous prairie ecotone between mesic pineland and depression marsh, ca. 0.8 air mi NE of jct. Blood Rd and Eight Mile Rds., Avon Park Air Force Range, 27°41’N, 81°12’W, 55 ft., 25 Aug 2014, *Orzell & Bridges 267434 (NY, FLAS, US).

Spiranthes laciniata . UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A labama : Baldwin Co.: Gulf Shores State Park. Just east of Gulf Shores, 9 Jun 1969, Kral 35218 (NY). G eorgia : Baker Co.: 13 mi S of Albany on Newton Road, 28 Jun 1947, Thorne 5044 (BH, NY). Bryan Co.: In cypress pond about 2 mi west of Pembroke, 20 Jun 1903, Harper s.n. (F, NY, US). Calhoun Co.: Shallow water of cypress swamp, 1 mi N of Leary, 31 May 1947, Thorne 4314 (BH). Charlton Co.: Ca. 4.8 mi N of Folkston, 7 May 1989, Morris 3378 (FLAS). Glynn Co.: 5 miles N of Brunswick, 21 Jun 1936, Correll 5481 (US). McIntosh Co.: Near Darien, 20 Jun 1936, Correll 5445 (BH, MO); Cox, 20 Jun 1922, Wherry s.n. (NYS). Sumter Co.: Cypress pond near Cobb, 11 Jul 1901, Harper s.n. (MO, NY, US). F lorida : Baker Co.: Along FL2, at Breakfast Branch, 4.2 mi SE of Georgia state line. T2N R19E S22 SE of SE, 11 Jul 1984, Hansen 9988 (USF). Bradford Co.: Starke, 20 May 1927, Burger s.n. (FLAS). Brevard Co.: Corrigan. East of I-95. St. Sebastian River State Buffer Preserve, 27°50'31.50"N, 80°34'7.40"W, 4 Jun 2002, *Scanton 431 (FLAS). Charlotte Co.: E of Oil Well Road, 26°51'N, 81°56'W, 14 Jun 1992, Orzell & Bridges 19620 (USF). Citris Co.: on US 19, 1 mile N of Hernando Co. line, 26 may 1966, Beckner 1279 (FLAS). Flager Co.: near Korona, 30 May 1944, Ames s.n. (FLAS). Franklin Co.: 5 miles SW of Sumatra near Hickory landing, 21 May 1965, McDaniel 6268 (FLAS). Highlands Co.: E side of Van Eeghen Rd between Tomlin Gully and long Cypress Cut, Avon Park Air Force Range, T33S R30E S25, 8 Jun 1996, vanHoek 567 (FLAS, USF). Lake Co.: Lectotype of Gyrostachys laciniata Small, Eustis, 16–30 Jun 1895, *Nash 1967 (NY). Levy Co.: 7 mi SW of Bronson along state Highway 24, 20 May 1991, 8 Morris (FLAS). Martin Co.: Pal-Mar CARL site. 26°58'N, 80°23'W, 20 May 19991, Orzell & Bridges 16830 (FLAS, USF). Miami-Dade Co.: Orange Glade near Miami, 26 May 1904, Eaton 975 (NY). Okeechobee Co.: East of Okeechobee, 26 May 1935, Buswell s.n. (USF). Osceola Co.: On E side of Co Road 523, 28°12'N, 81°17'W, 12 May 1990, *Orzell & Bridges 13555 (USF); 1 mi W of Holopaw, ca. 1/2 mi N of US 441 & 192, T27S R32E S11, 8 Jun 1960, Ward 1963 (FLAS). Palm Beach Co.: Highway 706, West of I95, 27 May 1973, Luer 59 (SEL); Along powerline, 26°53'N, 80°22'W, 21 May 1991, *Orzell & Bridges 16857 (FLAS, USF). Pasco Co.: Along FL 52, just E of FL 583, 19 May 1965, Beckner 705 (FLAS); Starkey Wilderness Park, 2.5 mi NNW of Odessa, T26S R17E S9, SE of NW1/4, 28 May 2004, Ferguson 764 (USF). Polk Co.: Along Tick Island Slough, ca. 0.31 mi upstream from Avon Park Air Force Range boundary, ca. 1.0 air mi NE of jct. Hard Luck Rd and Roberts Grade, Avon Park Air Force Range, NEQ, SWQ, NEQ Sec. 25, T32S, R31E, Fort Kissimmee NW 7.5’ Quad., 27°40’N, 81°10’W, 50 ft, *Orzell & Bridges 26728 (NY). Santa Rosa Co.: 2 mi S of Ward Basin in wet meadow N of Brown Fish Camp. T9N, R27 S31 NE1/4, 17 Jun 1981, Wilhelm 9098 (USF). Sarasota Co.: Sarasota, 6 Apr 1935, Rusby s.n. (NY). Seminole Co.: Oviedo, 31 May 1904, Eaton 1032A/B (F, NY). St. Lucie Co.: Ca. 2.7 mi SE of junction of US 1 and FL712 in White City, Savannas State Reserve, 27°21'N, 80°17'W, 7 May 1990, Orzell & Bridges 13363 (USF). Sumter Co.: Center Grade Rd, 0.25 mi E of FL471, 6.4 mi S of Tarrytown, 24 Apr 1983, Baltzell 11665 (FLAS). L ouisiana : St. Charles Parish: Lake Salvador Wildlife Management area, near 29.825430°, -90.310700°, 27 May 2011, *Urbatsch 10064 (LSU). M ississippi: Jackson Co.: Ocean Springs, 2 Jun 1951, *Demaree 30717 (US). N ew J ersey : Burlingotn Co.:: Basto, 2 Sep 1930, Killip 13446 (US); Mullica River, near Batsto, 7 Sep 1931, Killip 13721 (US). Cape May Co.: Cape May, Bennett Bog, 15 Aug 1946 *Sargent s.n. (US). Gloucester Co.: Atsion, 1 Sep 1913, Mackenzie 5666 (MO).Ocean Co.: Near Barnegat Pier, Barnegat Bay, 22 Aug 1892, Churchill s.n. (MO, US); Barnegat Pier, Sep 1907, Mackenzie 2880 (MO, US). N orth C arolina : Columbus Co.: 0.5 mi NW of Brunswick Co line on Co. Rt. 1928, 2 Jul 1968, Leonard 1731 (FLAS, USF). S outh C arolina : Beauford Co.: Bluffton, 23 Jun 1923, Wherry s.n. (US). T exas : Hardin Co.: Kountze, May 1892, Neally s.n. (US).

Spiranthes longilabris. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. F lorida : Citrus Co.: Homossassa Springs, 18 Nov 1937, St. John s.n. (FLAS). Duval Co.: Near Jacksonville, Nov, Curtiss 2784 (F, MO, NY, NYS, US); Near Jacksonville, 1 Nov 1893, Curtiss 4175 (NY, US); Near Jacksonville, 13 Nov 1894, Curtiss 5356 (BH, F, NY, NYS, US); Near Jacksonville, 15 Nov 1898, Curtiss 6304 (FLAS, NY). Escambia Co.: SW of Pensacola, N of US 98. Powerline easement, east of Liberty Bible College, 27 Oct 1985, Burkhalter 10237 (FSU). Flagler Co.: S of Korona, 13 Dec 1944, Ames s.n. (FLAS); North of powerline right of way, south of Flager Estates and north of Yelvington Road, 1 mile SE of Roy road, 29.6158573, -81.4650932, 12 Dec 2002, Slaughter 13713 (USF). Franklin Co.: Spiranthes brevifolia Chapm. (= S. longilabris) lectotype, Apalachicola, *Chapman s.n. (BH, MO, NY, US). Gulf Co.: ca. 4 miles W of Wewahitchka, 7 Nov 1959, *Godfrey 59112 (FSU). Highlands Co.: Avon Park Air force Range, 27°36'55.00"N, 81°20'9.00"W, 18 Dec 1994, Orzell 23451 (USF). Hillsborough Co.: W Waters Ave and Hulsey Road, Tampa, 29 Nov 1961, Lassiter s.n. (USF). Lee Co.: Vicinity of Ft. Myers, 14 Dec 1919, Standley 18930 (US). Levy Co.: 1 mi E of 19 on 24, 16 Nov 1983, Schmid A-107 (US). Manatee Co.: Brandentown, 10 Nov 1921, Cuthbert s.n. (FLAS). Martin Co.: Jonathan Dickinson State Park. Group camp area, Nov 1988, Woodbury s.n. (USF). Nassau Co.: Callahan, 18 Nov 1941, Knight s.n. (FLAS). Okeechobee Co.: Kissimmee State Park, from main entrance road into Park, west on Military Grade road, plot just north of road, 27°35.298'N, 81°6.414'W, 8 Nov 2001, Carr 3654 (FLAS). Orange Co.: about 3 mi W of Bithlo, 9 Dec 1929, Moldenke 202 (MO, NY). Osceola Co.: Three Lakes Wildlife Management Area, south of Road 1 on woods road, 27°58.715'N, 81°5.205'W, 6 Dec 2001, Carr 5907 (FLAS); Kissimmee, 27 Nov 1948, Singeltary s.n. (USF). Oskaloosa Co.: Blackwater River State Forest, north of the Karick Lake access road, turn right on woods road across from Blackwater River SF sign, about 0.5 miles E of Highway 189, 30° 54.416'N, 86° 38.836'W, 2 Nov 2000, Carr 2348 (FLAS); Ca 1.5 mi NW of Crestview, in low pineland off E side of Bethel Road, north of Mathonson Creek, W of Lake Kennedy, 24 Nov 1980, Wilhelm 8087 (USF). Polk Co.: About 0.1 miles W of East Fence road, and about 0.1 mi S of the intersection with another road, at the NE side of Avon Park Air Force Bombing Range, 27°42'N, 81°12'W, 27 Nov 2001, Goldman 2223 (BH); Auburndale, 5 Dec 1930, McFarlin 4021 (FLAS); S of North Fence East at a point ca 0.45 air mi E of junction with Wise Road, Avon Park Air Force Range, 27°44'N, 81°15'W, 17 Dec 1994, Orzell & Bridges 23449 (USF); Avon Park Air Force Range, 27.647502°N, -81.187709°W, 29 Nov 2014, *Pace s.n. spirit (NY). Putnam Co.: Palatka, 19 Nov 1929, Blanton 57 (WIS). Santa Rosa Co.: Near NE corner of Avalon Blvd and Elaine Ave. S of Avalon Beach, 16 Nov 1985, Burkhalter 10267 (FSU); Slough on N side of Dickerson City Road, 30°29'N, 87°04'W, 17 Nov 1992, *Orzell & Bridges 21212 (FLAS, SEL, USF). Sarasota Co.: Beyond powerline west of Brown Road, 24 Nov 1973, Luer 126 (SEL); End of Brown Road, NE of Fruitville, 9 Dec, Sheviak 811 (NYS). Seminole Co.: Sanford, 26 Nov, *Griscom s.n. (NYS). G eorgia: Charlton Co.: Folkston, 29 Nov 1942, Lemon s.n. (FLAS). L ouisiana: Beauregard Parish: 5 miles S of De Ridder, 2 Nov 1975, Ruhe 75-108 (LSU). Livingston Parish: between Springville and Springfield, 11 Nov 1928, Brown 2373 (LSU). Rapides Parish: Ca. 10 miles NW of Turkey Creek, 2 Nov 1957, Reese 1461 (AMES, FSU). St. Helena Parish: About 2.5 miles E of Greensburg, T2S R6E S32, 11 Nov 1970, Allen 344 (LSU); West of Pine Grove, 11 Nov 1933, Brown 5159 (LSU). St. Tammany Parish: Vicinity of Covington and Fairview, 10 Nov 1919, Arsene 11514 (LSU); Vicinity of Covington, Sulphur Springs, 13 Nov 1920, Arsene 12521 (US); Mandeville, 6 Nov 1885, Langlois 172 (US). M ississippi: Hancock Co.: Ca. 1.5 mi NW of Lakeshore on W side of Lakeshore Road, T9S R15W S11, 12, 12 Nov 1983, Norquist 1734 (FLAS). Jackson Co.: Ocean Springs, 11 Nov 1889, Tracy s.n. (US). S outh C arolina: Georgetown Co.: Brookgreen, Nov 1933, Tarbox s.n. (NY). T exas: Newton Co.: Along route 87 just north of intersection with route 253, 6 Nov 1957, Correll 18724 (NY).

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Pace, M.C., Orzell, S.L., Bridges, E.L. et al. Spiranthes igniorchis (Orchidaceae), a new and rare cryptic species from the south-central Florida subtropical grasslands. Brittonia 69, 323–339 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-017-9483-3

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