Abstract
Castleman’s disease (CD) is a rare disorder characterized by non-cancerous tumor growth that may develop in the lymph node tissue at a single site or throughout the body (Castleman et al. in Cancer 9:822–830, 1956). It involves hyperproliferation of specific B cells that produce the cytokine IL-6. This disorder is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. For this reason, only very few patients have been reported, and little information is available in the literature. In hopes of providing a better understanding of this rare disease, this report examines 52 patients with Unicentric Castleman’s disease (UCD) and Multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD) treated from 1999–2008 at a single institution. Fifty-two patients with CD, along with their histological diagnoses, were collected. Patients were divided into two groups—the more common UCD and the less common MCD. Relevant clinical, pathological, and laboratory data were examined in order to evaluate treatment responses, with symptom onsets and survival period serving as the endpoints of the assessment. Each of the 48 patients with UCD exhibited benign symptoms and underwent a curative surgical resection with excellent prognosis. All of the four patients with MCD received surgical resection. Three of the four patients relapsed and received radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Only one of the three post-treatment patients survived. UCD is manifested in the form of benign, painless, slow lymph node enlargement that is generally asymptomatic. Complete surgical removal is recommended as a course of curative treatment. The multicentric form of CD exhibits a progressive clinical course with potential for malignancy. There is currently no standard therapy for MCD.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Castleman B, Iverson L, Menendez VP. Localized mediastinal lymphnode hyperplasia resembling thymoma. Cancer. 1956;9:822–30.
Flendrig JA. Benign giant lymphoma: clinicopathologic correlation study. In: Clark RL, Cumley RW, editors. The year book of cancer, 1970. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers; 1970. p. 296–9.
Keller AR, Hochholzer L, Castleman B. Hyaline-vascular and plasma cell types of giant lymph node hyperplasia of the mediastinum and other locations. Cancer. 1972;29:670–83.
Frizzera G, Massarelli G, Banks PM, Rosai J. A systemic lymphoproliferative disorder with morphologic features of Castleman’s disease: pathological findings in 15 patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 1983;7:211–31.
Peterson BA, Frizzera G. Multicentric Castleman’s disease. Semin Oncol. 1993;20:636–47.
Jeffrey R, McGahan J. Gastrointestinal tract and peritoneal cavity: peritoneal mesenteric tumors. In: McGahan J, Goldberg B, editors. Diagnostic ultrasound: a logical approach. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1998. p. 550–4.
Yamashita Y, Hirai T, Matsukawa T, Ogata I, Takahashi M. Radiological presentations of Castleman’s disease. Comput Med Imaging Graph. 1993;17:107–17.
Chronowski GM, Ha CS, Wilder RB, Cabanillas F, Manning J, Cox JD. Treatment of unicentric and multicentric Castleman disease and the role of radiotherapy. Cancer. 2001;92:670–6.
Roca B. Castleman’s disease. A review. AIDS Rev. 2009 Jan–Mar;11:3–7.
Wang H, Wieczorek RL, Zenilman ME, Desoto-Lapaix F, Ghosh BC, Bowne WB. Castleman’s disease in the head of the pancreas: report of a rare clinical entity and current perspective on diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. World J Surg Oncol. 2007;20:133.
Collins LS, Fowler A, Tong CY, de Ruiter A. Multicentric Castleman’s disease in HIV infection. Int J STD AIDS. 2006;17:19–24.
Kojima M, Nakamura S, Miyawaki S, Ohno Y, Sakela N, Majawa N. Progressive transformation of germinal center presenting with histological features of hyaline-vascular type of Castleman’s disease. APMIS. 2005;113:288–95.
McCarty MJ, Vukelja SJ, Banks PM, Weiss RB. Angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman’s disease). Cancer Treat Rev. 1995;21:291–310.
Herrada J, Cabanillas F, Rice L, Manning J, Pugh W. Clinical behavior of localized and multicentric Castleman’s disease. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:657–62.
Ko SF, Wan YL, Ng SH, Lin JW, Hsieh MJ, Fang FM, et al. Imaging features of atypical thoracic Castleman’s disease. Clin Imaging. 2004;28:280–5.
Gaba AR, Stein RS, Sweet DL, Variakojis D. Multicentric giant lymph node hyperplasia. Am J Clin Pathol. 1978;69:86–90.
Bowne WB, Lewis JJ, Filippa DA, Niesvizky R, Brooks AD, Burt ME, et al. The management of unicentric and multicentric Castleman’s disease: a report of 16 cases and a review of the literature. Cancer. 1999;85:706–17.
Frizzera G. Castleman’s disease and related disorders. Semin Diag Pathol. 1988;5:346–64.
Gangopadhyay K, Mahasin ZZ, Kfoury H. Pathologic quiz case 2.Castleman’s disease (giant lymph node hyperplasia). Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;123:1137–9.
Johkoh T, Muller NL, Ichikado K, Nishimoto N, Yoshizaki K, Honda O, et al. Intrathoracic multicentric Castleman’s disease: CT findings in 12 patients. Radiology. 1998;209:477–81.
Kunishima S, Taniguchi H, Koh T, Yamaguchi A, Yamagishi H. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in mesenterial Castleman’s lymphoma. Clin Nucl Med. 2001;26:789–90.
Malara F, Price D, Fabiny R. Mesenteric Castleman’s disease: ultrasound, computed tomography and angiographic appearance. Australas Radiol. 2000;44:109–11.
Seco JL, Velasco F, Manuel JS, Serrano SR, Tomas L, Velasco A. Retroperitoneal Castleman’s disease. Surgery. 1992;112:850–5.
Larroche C, Cacoub P, Godeau P. Castleman’s disease. Rev Med Interne. 1996;17:1003–13.
Ebisuno S, Yamauchi T, Fukatani T, Ohkawa T. Retroperitoneal Castleman’s disease: A case report and brief review of tumors of the pararenal area. Urol Int. 1989;44:169–72.
Takihara H, Yamakawa G, Baba Y, Takahashi M, Ishihara T. Castleman disease unusual retroperitoneal location indistinguishable from malignant tumor in preoperative angiographic appearance. Urology. 1993;41:162–4.
Kiguchi H, Ishii T, Ishikawa Y, Masuda S, Asuwa N, Yamafuji K, et al. Castleman’s disease of the abdomen and pelvis: report of three cases and a review of the literature. J Gastroenterol. 1995;30:661–6.
Bartkowski DP, Ferrigni RG. Castleman’s disease: an unusual retroperitoneal mass. J Urol. 1988;139:118–20.
Skolnik G, Wiklund LM, Risberg B. Castleman’s tumor with retroperitoneal location: a malignant appearing benign tumor. J Surg Oncol. 1985;28:153–5.
D’Agay MF, Miclea JM, Clauvel JP. Castleman’s disease: a well defined histological pattern for a widely divergent clinical spectrum. Nouv Rev Fr Hematol. 1989;31:145–8.
Nordstrom DG, Tewfik HH, Latourette HB. Plasma cell giant lymph node hyperplasia responding to radiation therapy. Am J Radiol. 1978;130:169–71.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Bo Ye and Shu-Geng Gao contributed equally to this work.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ye, B., Gao, SG., Li, W. et al. A retrospective study of unicentric and multicentric Castleman’s disease: a report of 52 patients. Med Oncol 27, 1171–1178 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-009-9355-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-009-9355-0