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Physical Simulation of Deformation and Microstructure Evolution During Friction Stir Processing of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

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Abstract

The feasibility of using high-strain rate (1.475 to 3.942 s−1) hot-torsion testing with a Gleeble® thermomechanical simulator was demonstrated for simulating microstructures consistent with friction stir processing (FSP) of Ti-6Al-4V. The tests were performed on α/β-processed base material at temperatures both above and below the β-transus. Various phenomena including the refinement of α- and β-grains, deformation-induced heating, and deformation instabilities were observed. These tests reproduced the range of microstructures that are observed under FSP processing conditions. The testing methodology can be used for generating constitutive material property equations relevant to computational FSP/friction stir welding models.

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Notes

  1. The data can be obtained in electronic format on e-mail request to lippold.1@osu.edu.

  2. Calculated using ThermoCalc® software.[49]

  3. Microstructure may contain martensite; however, we cannot distinguish with our techniques.

  4. Igor Pro Software; http://www.wavemetrics.com.

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Acknowledgments

The current study was supported by the Air Force Research Lab through the Universal Technology Corp. Grant #09-S568-067-01-C1. The authors would like to thank the grant manager, Dr. Rollie Dutton, for his encouragement and support during this project. The authors also thank the review board of the Metallurgical Transactions A for their detailed review and suggestions for modifications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Welding Engineering Program, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1248 Arthur E Adams Drive, Columbus, OH, 43211, USA

    S. S. Babu (Professor), J. Livingston (Graduate Student) & J. C. Lippold (Professor)

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  1. S. S. Babu
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  2. J. Livingston
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  3. J. C. Lippold
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Correspondence to S. S. Babu.

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Manuscript submitted October 19, 2012.

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Babu, S.S., Livingston, J. & Lippold, J.C. Physical Simulation of Deformation and Microstructure Evolution During Friction Stir Processing of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy. Metall Mater Trans A 44, 3577–3591 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-1782-z

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