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A CO2-enriched atmosphere improves in vitro growth of Brazilian ginseng [Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen]

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of forced ventilation and CO2 enrichment (360 or 720 μmol mol−1 CO2) on the in vitro growth and development of Pfaffia glomerata, an endangered medicinal species, under photomixotrophic or photoautotrophic conditions. P. glomerata nodal segments showed substantial differences in growth, relative water content and water loss from leaves, photosynthetic pigments, stomatal density, and leaf anatomical characteristics under these different treatments. CO2 enrichment led to increased photosynthetic pigments and reduced stomatal density of in vitro cultivated P. glomerata. A lack of sucrose in the culture medium increased 20-hydroxyecdysone levels, but the increase in CO2 levels did not further elevate the accumulation of 20-hydroxyecdysone. All growth increased in a CO2-enriched atmosphere. In addition, CO2 enrichment, with or without sucrose, gave a lower relative water loss from leaves. This finding indicates that either a photoautotrophic or photomixotrophic system in a CO2-enriched atmosphere may be suitable for large-scale propagation of this species.

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Acknowledgments

CWS received a post-doctoral fellowship from the Coordination for Enhancement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES-PNPD). This work was also supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; MCT/CNPq 480675/2009-0; PQ 303201/2010-0 to WCO) and a grant from the Minas Gerais State Research Foundation (FAPEMIG; CAG-APQ-01036-09). We also thank the Microscopy and Microanalysis Center at the Federal University of Viçosa, and to Dr. Roberto Fontes Vieira (EMBRAPACENARGEN, Brasília, Brazil) for making the accession of Pfaffia available.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos (LCTII)/BIOAGRO, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, 36570-000, MG, Brazil

    Cleber Witt Saldanha, Marcela Morato Notini, Ana Cláudia Ferreira da Cruz, Aurélio Rubio Neto, Leonardo Lucas Carnevalli Dias & Wagner Campos Otoni

  2. Laboratório de Embalagens (LABEM), Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, 36570-000, MG, Brazil

    Caio Gomide Otoni

  3. Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Vicosa, 36570-000, MG, Brazil

    Kacilda Naomi Kuki

  4. Plant Biology Department, Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory/BIOAGRO, University Campus, Peter Henry Rolfs Avenue, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa, 36570-000, MG, Brazil

    Wagner Campos Otoni

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  1. Cleber Witt Saldanha
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  2. Caio Gomide Otoni
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  8. Wagner Campos Otoni
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Correspondence to Wagner Campos Otoni.

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Saldanha, C.W., Otoni, C.G., Notini, M.M. et al. A CO2-enriched atmosphere improves in vitro growth of Brazilian ginseng [Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen]. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 49, 433–444 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-013-9529-5

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