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Effects of optimal and supra-optimal salinity stress on antioxidative defence, osmolytes and in vitro growth responses in Sesuvium portulacastrum L.

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Abstract

The effect of optimal and supra-optimal concentrations (0, 200, 400 or 600 mM) of NaCl on the growth, osmotic adjustment and antioxidant enzyme defence was studied in the in vitro cultures of Sesuvium portulacastrum. A significant increase in growth, tissue water content (TWC) and fresh to dry weight ratio (FW/DW) was observed in the shoots exposed to 200 mM salt. Minimum damage to the membrane in terms of low relative electrolytic leakage (REL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and better osmotic adjustment at 200 mM salt stress was coupled with the higher accumulation of sodium ions and total soluble sugars as against low proline and glycine betaine contents. A fine tuning of antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase) was also found to be responsible for the optimum growth of shoots. In contrast, sub-optimal (0 mM) and supra-optimal concentrations (400–600 mM) of NaCl significantly affected the growth, water status and increased the REL as well as MDA content of the shoots due to the accumulation of toxic concentrations of saline ions. The highest accumulation of proline and glycine betaine in addition to antioxidant enzyme activities exhibited higher osmotic adjustment and survival of the shoots under sub- or supra-optimal concentrations of NaCl as a penalty to reduced growth.

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Abbreviations

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

CAT:

Catalase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MS:

Murashige and Skoog basal medium

REL:

Relative electrolytic leakage

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TBA:

Thiobarbituric acid

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

TSS:

Total soluble sugars

TWC:

Tissue water content

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Acknowledgements

The senior author is grateful to the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Board for Research in Nuclear Science (BRNS), for the financial support under the BARC-UOP collaborative Ph.D. research programme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Pune, Pune, 411 007, India

    Vinayak H. Lokhande, Tukaram D. Nikam, Vikas Y. Patade & Mahendra L. Ahire

  2. Functional Plant Biology Section, Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India

    Vinayak H. Lokhande, Vikas Y. Patade & P. Suprasanna

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  1. Vinayak H. Lokhande
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  2. Tukaram D. Nikam
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  3. Vikas Y. Patade
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  5. P. Suprasanna
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Correspondence to P. Suprasanna.

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Lokhande, V.H., Nikam, T.D., Patade, V.Y. et al. Effects of optimal and supra-optimal salinity stress on antioxidative defence, osmolytes and in vitro growth responses in Sesuvium portulacastrum L.. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 104, 41–49 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9802-9

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