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Anthocyanins of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Fruit Associated with High Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities

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Abstract

Red arils of Pithecellobium dulce fruit, commonly known as guamuchil, show high antioxidant (AOx) and α-glucosidase inhibitory (IαG) activities, which have been mainly associated with the content of unknown anthocyanins. In this study, the AOx (i.e., DPPH and ABTS as Trolox equivalents, μmol TE/g) and IαG (as half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50, mg/mL) activities of the anthocyanin-rich fraction (ARF) obtained from red arils were contrasted with those of the methanol extract (ME), and the main ARF anthocyanins were characterized by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS, GC-MS and 1H-NMR. The AOx and IαG values of the ARF (DPPH = 597.8; ABTS = 884.01; IαG = 0.06) were better than those of the ME (DPPH = 41.5; ABTS = 142.3; IαG = 17.5); remarkably, the ARF IαG value was about 42 times lower than that of acarbose. The main anthocyanins in ARF were pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. Thus, the consumption of red P. dulce arils could provide health benefits for prevention/treatment of chronic degenerative diseases such as diabetes.

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Abbreviations

AOx:

Antioxidant activity

IαG:

α-glucosidase inhibitory

ME:

Methanol extract

aME:

Acidified methanol extract

ARF:

Anthocyanin-rich fraction

C3G:

Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside

P3G:

Pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge this research was partially funded by CONACYT-Mexico and PROFAPI-Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, 80010, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico

    Gabriela López-Angulo, Julio Montes-Avila, Leticia Sánchez-Ximello, José A. López-Valenzuela & Francisco Delgado-Vargas

  2. Unidad de Investigaciones en Ambiente y Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico

    Sylvia P. Díaz-Camacho

  3. Centro de Graduados e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, C.P, 22000, Tijuana, Baja CA, Mexico

    Valentín Miranda-Soto

Authors
  1. Gabriela López-Angulo
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  2. Julio Montes-Avila
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  3. Leticia Sánchez-Ximello
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  4. Sylvia P. Díaz-Camacho
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  5. Valentín Miranda-Soto
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  6. José A. López-Valenzuela
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  7. Francisco Delgado-Vargas
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Correspondence to Francisco Delgado-Vargas.

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López-Angulo, G., Montes-Avila, J., Sánchez-Ximello, L. et al. Anthocyanins of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Fruit Associated with High Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 73, 308–313 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-018-0693-y

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