Abstract
Peach fruits subjected to prolonged cold storage (CS) to delay decay and over-ripening often develop a form of chilling injury (CI) called mealiness/woolliness (WLT), a flesh textural disorder characterized by lack of juiciness. Transcript profiles were analyzed after different lengths of CS and subsequent shelf life ripening (SLR) in pools of fruits from siblings of the Pop-DG population with contrasting sensitivity to develop WLT. This was followed by quantitative PCR on pools and individual lines of the Pop-DG population to validate and extend the microarray results. Relative tolerance to WLT development during SLR was related to the fruit’s ability to recover from cold and the reactivation of normal ripening, processes that are probably regulated by transcription factors involved in stress protection, stress recovery and induction of ripening. Furthermore, our results showed that altered ripening in WLT fruits during shelf life is probably due, in part, to cold-induced desynchronization of the ripening program involving ethylene and auxin hormonal regulation of metabolism and cell wall. In addition, we found strong correlation between expression of RNA translation and protein assembly genes and the visual injury symptoms.
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Conceived and designed the experiments: CHC AG CP CM. Performed the experiments: CP CM. Analyzed the data: CP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CHC AMD JF CP. Wrote the paper: CP. Assisted with the manuscript and critically revised it: AG.
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Figure S3 Hierarchical cluster of M, R, CS and CSR samples based on the expression of early ripening genes (eRG) and nonearly ripening genes (NeRG) in S and LS pools. (PDF 516 KB)
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Figure S5 Summary of the main expression patterns and associated functions in peach fruits sensitive and low sensitive to wooliness. (PDF 1051 KB)
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Table S1 Raw expression data of 3394 Chillpeach probes that met the threshold for hybridization quality. Expression data corresponds to the lowest normalized M Log Ratio for each replicate. (XLSX 993 KB)
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Table S2 Summary of cold and shelf life response results in peach. The table indicates genes altered in CSR samples vs R samples, genes differentially expressed between LS and S during CS and also during SLR, genes dubbed as eRG or NeRG, their expression pattern, cold effect and functional annotations. (XLSX 1287 KB)
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Table S3 Genes selected for the Fluidigm experiment. Gene annotations are shown along with the sequence, length and Tm of the primers used for qRT-PCR. (XLSX 20 KB)
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Table S4 ChillPeach validation in pools. The gene ID, Fluidigm genes selection, CS LS vs. S ChillPeach pattern, the CS LS vs. S Fluidigm pattern, the CSR LS vs. S ChillPeach pattern, the CRS LS vs. S Fluidigm pattern, validation in pools and the centered, scaled and normalized expression values obtained in Fluidigm for pools and lines are shown. (XLSX 84 KB)
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Table S5 Correlations and correlation significance between relative expression of the candidate genes analyzed by medium-throughput Fludigm RT-PCR in each sibling with the WI exhibited after one week CS + SLR. (XLSX 19 KB)
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Table S6 Genes related to RNA translation, hormone metabolism and signal transduction highly expressed in low-tolerant fruits during CS and SLR. (DOCX 49 KB)
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Table S7 Genes related to RNA translation, hormone metabolism and signal transduction highly expressed in sensitive fruits during CS and SLR. (DOCX 52 KB)
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Table S9 Genes associated with the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, co-factors and energy production down-regulated during mealiness/woolliness. (DOCX 49 KB)
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Pons, C., Martí, C., Forment, J. et al. A genetic genomics-expression approach reveals components of the molecular mechanisms beyond the cell wall that underlie peach fruit woolliness due to cold storage. Plant Mol Biol 92, 483–503 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-016-0526-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-016-0526-z