Abstract
Leaf area, IBA concentration and age of stockplants were all found to be important factors for successful rooting for vegetative propagation using single-node cuttings of the two main African mahogany species: Khaya anthotheca and K. ivorensis. Cuttings with leaf area of 30–50 cm2 had the best rooting percentage and cuttings with about 30 cm2 had the most number of roots per cutting in K. anthotheca. Khaya ivorensis, cuttings with 10–30 cm2 leaf area had the highest rooting percentage. Cuttings collected from 1-year-old stockplants recorded the highest rooting percentage and largest number of roots per cutting. Cuttings from 3-year-old stockplant of the same seeds sources had the lowest rooting suggesting aging negatively impacted rooting ability. The effect of auxin concentration, on rootability was examined with cuttings of K. anthotheca. An IBA concentration of 0.8% was the best exogenous auxin concentration for percentage rooting, number of roots per cutting and the length of the longest root per cutting.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alder D (1989) Natural forest increment, growth and yield. In: Wong JLG (ed) Ghana Forest Inventory Project Seminar Proceedings. Ghana Forestry Commission/Overseas Development Administration, 29–30 March 1989. Accra, Ghana, 101pp
Atuahene SKN (2001) The forest resources of Ghana and research on Hypsipyla robusta (Moore) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) control in mahogany plantations in Ghana. In: Floyd F, Hauxwell C (eds) Proceedings of an international workshop on Hypsipyla shoot borers of the Meliaceae, Kandy, Srilanka, 1996. ACIAR Proceedings No. 97 Canberra, pp 58–62
Bhardwaj DR, Mishra VK (2005) Vegetative propagation of Ulmus villosa: effects of plant growth regulators, collection time, type of donor and position of shoot on adventitious root formation in stem cuttings. New Forest 29:105–116
Dunisch O, Ruhmanm O (2006). Kinetics of cell formation and growth stresses in the secondary xylem of Swietenia mahogany (L.) Jacq. and Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. (Meliaceae). Wood Sci Technol 40:49–62
Dupuy B (1995) Mixed plantations in Cote d’Ivoire rain forests. Bois et Forests des Tropiques 24:33–43
Floyd R, Hauxwell C (2001) Proceedings of an international workshop on Hypsipyla shoot borer of the Meliacae, Kandy, Sri Lanka, 1996, ACIAR Proceedings No. 97 Canberra, 189 pp
Grijpma P (1976) Resistance of Meliaceae against the shoot borer Hypsipyla with particular reference to Toona ciliata M.J. Roem. Var australis (F.V. Muell) C.D.C. In: Burley J, Styles BT (eds) Tropical trees: variation, breeding and conservation. Academic Press, London, pp 69–78
Hall JB, Swain MD (1981) Distribution and ecology of vascular plants in a tropical rain forest, forest vegetation in Ghana. Dr. W. Junk Publisher, London
Hartmann HT, Kester DE, Davies FT (1997) Plant propagation: principle and practices, 6th edn. Prentice-Hall, London
Howard FW, Verkade SD, Defilippis JV (1990). Propagation of West Indies mahogany by cuttings. Turrialba 40:4 30–32
Hawthorne WD (1990) Field guide to the forest trees of Ghana. Chatham: Natural Resources Institute, for the Overseas Development Administration, London. Ghana Forest Series 1, VI 278 pp
Husen A, Pal M (2006) Variation in shoot anatomy and rooting behaviour of stem cutting in relation to age of donor plants in teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F). New Forest 31:57–73
Irvine FR (1961) Woody plants of Ghana. Oxford University Press, London, pp 868
Leakey RRB (1990) Nauclea diderrichii: rooting of stem cuttings, clonal variation in shoot dominance, and branch plagiotropism. Trees-Struct Funct 4:164–169
Leakey RRB, Chapman VR, Longman KA (1982) Physiological studies for tropical tree improvement and conservation. Some factors affecting root initiation in cuttings of Triplochiton Scleroxylon K. Schum. For Ecol Manage 4:53–66
Leakey RRB, Mesen JF, Tchoundjeu Z, Logman KA, Dick JMcP, Newton A, Matin A, Grace J, Muron RC, Muthoka PN (1990) Low-technology techniques for the vegetative propagation of tropical trees. Commonw Forest Rev 69:247–257
Limpiyaprapant S, Soonhuae P, Kijka S (1996). Rooting ability of Khaya senegalensis cuttings in relation to hedge height and hormone application. Technical-Publication. ASEAN Forest Tree SEED Center Project. No. 33, 12 pp
MacDonald C (1993). Practical woody plant propagation for nursery growers. Timber Press Inc., Portland, Oregon, USA
Maruyama E, Ishii K (1999) Somatic embryogenesis in big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King). In: Jain SM, Gupta PK, Newton RJ (eds) Somatic embryogenesis in woody plants, vol 5. Kluwer Academic Pub, Europe, pp 45–62
Mayhew JE, Newton AC (1998) The silviculture of mahogany. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, 226 pp
Newton AC, Baker P, Ramnarine S, Mesen JF, Leaky RRB (1993) The mahogany shoot-borer, prospects for control. For Ecol Manage 57:301–328
Nunes EDC, Castilho CVD, Moreno FN, Viana AM (2002) In vitro culture of Cedrela fissilis Vellozo (Meliaceae). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 7:259–268
Ofori DA, Newton AC, Leakey RRB, Grace J (1996) Vegetative propagation of Milicia excelsa by leafy stem cuttings: effect of auxin concentration, leaf area and rooting medium. For Ecol Manage 84:39–48
Ofori DA, Newton AC, Leakey RRB, Grace J (1997) Vegetative propagation of Milicia excelsa by rooting cuttings: Effects of maturation, coppicing, cutting length, and position on rooting ability. J Trop Forest Sci 10:115–129
Opuni-Frimpong E, Karnosky DF, Andrew JA, Cobbinah JR (2005) Development of an integrated management strategy to reduce the impact of Hypsipyla species (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on African mahogany. Int Forest Rev 7:86
SAS Institute Inc., (2004) Qualification tools user guide, version 9.1.2 ed. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA
Stenvall N, Haapala T, Pulkkinen P (2004) Effect of genotype, age and treatment of stock plants on propagation of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides) by root cuttings. Scand J For Res 19:303–311
Swaine MD, Agyeman VK, Kyere B, Orgle TK, Thompson J, Veenendaal EM (1996) Ecology of forest trees in Ghana. ODA Forest Series No. 7
Taylor CJ (1960) Synecology and silviculture in Ghana. Thomas Nelson and Sonstd. Edinburgh, 417 pp
Tchoundjeu Z, Leakey RRB (1996) Vegetative propagation of African mahogany: effect of auxin, node position, leaf area and cutting length. New Forest 11:125–136
Tchoundjeu Z, Leakey RRB (2000) Vegetative propagation of Khaya ivorensis (African mahogany): effect of stockplant flushing cycle, auxin and leaf area on carbohydrate and nutrient dynamics of cuttings. J Trop Forest Sci 12:77–91
Tchoundjeu Z, Avana ML, Leakey RRB, Simons AJ, Asaah E, Duguma B, Bell JM (2002) Vegetative propagation of Prunus Africana: effects of rooting medium, auxin concentrations and leaf area. Agroforest Syst 54:183–192
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Opuni-Frimpong, E., Karnosky, D.F., Storer, A.J. et al. Key roles of leaves, stockplant age, and auxin concentration in vegetative propagation of two African mahoganies: Khaya anthotheca Welw. and Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. New Forests 36, 115–123 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-008-9087-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-008-9087-6