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Cellular and molecular responses of E. fetida cœlomocytes exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles

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Abstract

An in vitro approach using cœlomocytes of Eisenia fetida was investigated to evaluate toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles. Cœlomocytes were exposed to well-dispersed suspension of small aggregates (130 nm) of TiO2 nanoparticles (1–25 μg/ml) during 4, 12 and 24 h. Intracellular localisation suggested that the main route of uptake was endocytosis. Cellular responses showed that TiO2 nanoparticles were not cytotoxic and had no effect on phagocytosis at any of the four concentrations for each time tested. Concerning molecular responses, an increase of fetidin and metallothionein mRNA expression was observed starting from 4 h of exposure. In contrast, expression of coelomic cytolytic factor mRNA decreased for 10 and 25 μg/ml after 4 h. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase expression were not modified suggesting that oxidative stress was not induced by TiO2 in our experimental conditions. This in vitro approach showed that TiO2 nanoparticles were taken up by cœlomocytes and they could modify the molecular response of immune and detoxification system.

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Abbreviations

BCA:

Bicinchoninic Acid

BSA:

Bovine Serum Albumin

CAT:

Catalase

CCF:

Coelomic Cytolytic Factor

FBS:

Fetal Bovine Serum

GST:

Glutathione S-transferase

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharides

LBSS:

Lumbricus Balanced Salt Solution

MEM:

Minimum Essential Medium

MT:

Metallothioneins

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

NP:

Nanoparticle

PFA:

Paraformaldehyde

ROS:

Reactive Oxygen Species

SOD:

Superoxide Dismutase

TEM:

Transmission Electron Microscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Elizabeth Petit and Nelly Brulé for their technical assistance and Jaafar Ghanbaja (SCMEM) for the TEM analyses. Many thanks to Sharon Kruger for the final read of the English version. Emilie Bigorgne has a fellowship from ADEME and Region Lorraine. This study was supported by FR-EST (Fédération de Recherche Eau-Sol-Terre).

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  1. Université de Lorraine—Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologique Biodiversité Ecosystèmes (LIEBE), CNRS UMR7146, Rue du général Delestraint, 57070, Metz, France

    Emilie Bigorgne, Laurent Foucaud, Laure Giambérini, Johanne Nahmani & François Rodius

  2. Université de Lorraine—Laboratoire Environnement et Minéralurgie (LEM) CNRS UMR7569, 15, Avenue du Charmois, BP 40, 54501, Vandoeuvre Cedex, France

    Céline Caillet & Fabien Thomas

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  1. Emilie Bigorgne
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Bigorgne, E., Foucaud, L., Caillet, C. et al. Cellular and molecular responses of E. fetida cœlomocytes exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles. J Nanopart Res 14, 959 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-012-0959-5

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