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Brief Report: “Allergic Symptoms” in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. More than Meets the Eye?

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Abstract

Many children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have either family and/or personal history of “allergic symptomatology”, often in the absence of positive skin or RAST tests. These symptoms may suggest mast cell activation by non-allergic triggers. Moreover, children with mastocytosis or mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), a spectrum of rare diseases characterized by increased number of activated mast cells in many organs, appear to have ASD at a rate tenfold higher (1/10 children) than that of the general population (1/100 children). Mast cell activation by allergic, infectious, environmental and stress-related triggers, especially perinatally, would release pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic molecules. We speculate these could disrupt the gut–blood–brain barriers, thus contributing to brain inflammation and ASD pathogenesis. Increased mast cell responsiveness may define at least a subgroup of ASD subjects, who could benefit from inhibition of mast cell activation.

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Acknowledgments

Aspects of research mentioned here were funded by the National Autism Association, the Safe Minds, the Autism Research Collaborative, as well as Theta Biomedical Consulting and Development Co., Inc. (Brookline, MA). Asimenia Angelidou and Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos are recipients of scholarships for postgraduate studies from the Hellenic State Scholarships Foundation (Athens, Greece). Bodi Zhang is partially supported by a graduate fellowship from Galenica, SA (Athens, Greece).

Conflict of interest

TCT is on the Scientific Advisory Board of The Mastocytosis Society. TCT is also the inventor of patent application US 12/534,571 “Methods of diagnosis and treating autism” that covers a new luteolin-containing dietary supplement NeuroProtek® (www.algonot.com).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Suite M&V-208, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Asimenia Angelidou, Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos, Shahrzad Asadi, Bodi Zhang, Magdalini Vasiadi & Theoharis C. Theoharides

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Bodi Zhang & Theoharis C. Theoharides

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Theoharis C. Theoharides

  4. Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Theoharis C. Theoharides

  5. Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Section, Attikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 12462, Greece

    Asimenia Angelidou, Konstantinos-Dionysios Alysandratos, Magdalini Vasiadi & Dimitrios Kalogeromitros

  6. Child Psychiatry Section, Second Department of Psychiatry, Attikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, 12462, Greece

    Konstantinos Francis

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  1. Asimenia Angelidou
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Angelidou, A., Alysandratos, KD., Asadi, S. et al. Brief Report: “Allergic Symptoms” in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. More than Meets the Eye?. J Autism Dev Disord 41, 1579–1585 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1171-z

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