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Cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase gene expression in the inflammogenesis of breast cancer

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Abstract

We examined the expression of major inflammatory genes, cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 (COX1, COX2) and arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) in 1090 tumor samples of invasive breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Mean cyclooxygenase expression (COX1 + COX2) ranked in the upper 99th percentile of all 20,531 genes and surprisingly, the mean expression of COX1 was more than tenfold higher than COX2. Highly significant correlations were observed between COX2 with eight tumor-promoting genes (EGR2, IL6, RGS2, B3GNT5, SGK1, SLC2A3, SFRP1 and ETS2) and between ALOX5 and ten tumor promoter genes (CD33, MYOF1, NLRP1, GAB3, CD4, IFR8, CYTH4, BTK, FGR, CD37). Expression of CYP19A1 (aromatase) was significantly correlated with COX2, but only in tumors positive for ER, PR and HER2. Tumor-promoting genes correlated with the expression of COX1, COX2, and ALOX5 are known to effectively increase mitogenesis, mutagenesis, angiogenesis, cell survival, immunosuppression and metastasis in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

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Acknowledgements

Results are based on data generated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) managed by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Human Genome Research institute (NHGRI), http://genome.nih.gov.

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  1. Colleges of Public Health and Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Avenue (306 Cunz Hall), Columbus, OH, 43210-1351, USA

    Brian M. Kennedy & Randall E. Harris

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Kennedy, B.M., Harris, R.E. Cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase gene expression in the inflammogenesis of breast cancer. Inflammopharmacol 26, 909–923 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-018-0489-6

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