Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Production of hexaploid triticale by a synthetic hexaploid wheat-rye hybrid method

  • Published:
Euphytica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Hexaploid triticale, including its primary and secondary forms, is an important forage crop and a promising energy plant. Primary forms are usually developed by crossing Triticum turgidum L. with rye, with secondary forms obtained by crossing primary hexaploid triticale and/or hexaploid wheat with octoploid triticale. In this study, we developed an effective method for production of hexaploid triticale via hybridization of synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) with rye. The three employed SHW lines were derived from hybridization of T. turgidum with Aegilops tauschii Cosson, and inherited meiotic restitution genes, which can promote the formation of functional gametes in haploid status, from their T. turgidum parents. Although the resulting tetraploid F1 hybrids with rye (genome ABDR) produced amphiploids (octoploid triticale) and partial amphiploids, the final hybrid products obtained through fertility selection over several generations were hexaploids. These hexaploids were the result of preferential elimination of D-genome chromosomes. In addition to complete hexaploid triticale with 28 intact A/B and 14 intact R chromosomes, we obtained hexaploid triticales with other chromosome constitutions, including monosomic, substitution, and translocation lines. Chromosomes 2D and 5D from the wild species A. tauschii were incorporated into the hexaploid triticales. Out of eight analyzed stable lines derived from three different SHW-L1/rye F1 plants, we observed four lines with small-fragment translocations between wheat and rye chromosomes. Rapid production of hexaploid triticales using this method involves two factors: (1) hybridization between hexaploid wheat with a meiotic restitution gene(s) and rye and (2) selection for good fertility during F3 and subsequent generations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bassu S, Asseng S, Richards R (2011) Yield benefits of triticale traits for wheat under current and future climates. Field Crop Res 124:14–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bilgili U, Cifci EA, Hanoglu H, Yagdi K, Acikgoz E (2009) Yield and quality of triticale forage. J Food Agric Environ 7:556–560

    Google Scholar 

  • Bird SH, Rowe JB, Choct M, Stachiw S, Tyler P, Thompson RD (1999) In vitro fermentation of grain and enzymatic digestion of cereal starch. Rec Adv Anim Nutr 12:53–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheng ZJ, Murata M (2002) Loss of chromosomes 2R and 5RS in octoploid triticale selected for agronomic traits. Genes Genet Syst 77:23–29

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Contento A, Heslop-Harrison JS, Schwarzacher T (2005) Diversity of a major repetitive DNA sequence in diploid and polyploid triticeae. Cytogen Gen Res 109:34–42

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davis-Knight HR, Weightman RM (2008) The potential of triticale as a low input cereal for bioethanol production. Report 434. Home-Grown Cereals Authority, Caledonia House, London

  • Dou QW, Tanaka H, Nakata N, Tsujimoto H (2006) Molecular cytogenetic analyses of hexaploid lines spontaneously appearing in octoploid Triticale. Theor Appl Genet 114:41–47

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Estrada-Campuzano G, Slafer GA, Mirallesa DJ (2012) Differences in yield, biomass and their components between triticale and wheat grown under contrasting water and nitrogen environments. Field Crop Res 128:167–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FAOSTAT Database (2010) http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor.

  • Fox PN, Skovmand B, Thompson BK, Braun HJ, Cormier R (1990) Yield and adaptation of hexaploid spring triticale. Euphytica 47:57–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fu S, Tang Z, Ren Z (2010) Inter and intra-genomic transfer of small chromosomal segments in wheat-rye allopolyploids. J Plant Res 123:97–103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujisawa M, Yamagata H, Kamiya K, Nakamura M, Saji S, Kanamori H, Wu J, Matsumoto T, Sasaki T (2006) Sequence comparison of distal and proximal ribosomal DNA arrays in rice (Oryza sativa L.) chromosome 9S and analysis of their flanking regions. Theor Appl Genet 113:419–428

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glatthar J, Heinisch JJ, Senn T (2005) Unmalted triticale cultivars as brewing adjuncts: effects of enzyme activities and composition on beer wort quality. J Sci Food Agric 85:647–654

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gororo NN, Flood RG, Eastwood RF, Eagles HA (2001) Photoperiod and vernalization responses in Triticum turgidum × T. tauschii synthetic hexaploid wheats. Ann Bot 88:947–952

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gowda M, Hahn V, Reif JC, Longin CFH, Alheit K, Maurer HP (2011) Potential for simultaneous improvement of grain and biomass yield in Central European winter triticale germplasm. Field Crop Res 121:153–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griffith N, Lang H (2004) Plant triticale, cut hay bills, boost lamb profits. Sheep Magazine. http://www.sheepmagazine.com/issues/25/25-5/Nathan_Griffith.html. Accessed 5 Nov 2012

  • Hansen R (2010) Triticale. http://www.agmrc.org/commodities__products/grains__oilseeds/triticale.cfm. Accessed 5 Nov 2012

  • Hao M, Luo JT, Yang M, Zhang LQ, Yan ZH, Yuan ZW, Zheng YL, Zhang HG, Liu DC (2011) Comparison of homoeologous chromosome pairing between hybrids of wheat genotypes Chinese Spring ph1b and Kaixian luohanmai with rye. Genome 54:959–964

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalinka A, Achrem M, Rogalska SM (2010) Cytomixis-like chromosomes/chromatin elimination from pollen mother cells (PMCs) in wheat-rye allopolyploids. Nucleus 53:69–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larter EN (2009) Triticale agriculture. The Canadian Encyclopedia

  • Liu DC, Yen C, Yang JL, Zheng YL, Lan XJ (1999) The chromosomal locations of high crossability genes in tetraploid wheat Triticum turgidum L. cv. Ailanmai native to Sichuan. China. Euphytica 108:79–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lukaszewski AJ (1997) Further manipulation by centric misdivision of the 1RS.1BL translocation in wheat. Euphytica 94:257–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lukaszewski AJ, Gustafson JP (1983) Translocations and modifications of chromosomes in Triticale × wheat hybrids. Theor Appl Genet 64:239–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lukaszewski AJ, Gustafson JP (1987) Cytogenetics of triticale. In: Janick J (ed) Plant breeding reviews, vol 5. AVI Publishing, New York, pp 41–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma XF, Gustafson JP (2008) Allopolyploidization-accommodated genomic sequence changes in triticale. Ann Bot 101:825–832

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McClintock B (1984) The significance of responses of the genome to challenge. Science 226:792–801

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mcgoverin CM, Snyders F, Muller N, Botes W, Fox G, Manley M (2011) A review of triticale uses and the effect of growth environment on grain quality. J Sci Food Agric 91:1155–1165

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKevith B (2004) Nutritional aspects of cereals. Nutr Bull 29:111–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mizuno N, Yamasaki M, Matsuoka Y, Kawahara T, Takumi S (2010) Population structure of wild wheat D-genome progenitor Aegilops tauschii Coss: implications for intraspecific lineage diversification and evolution of common wheat. Mol Ecol 19:999–1013

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagaki K, Tsujimoto H, Isono K, Sasakuma T (1995) Molecular characterization of a tandem repeat, Afa family, and its distribution among Triticeae. Genome 38:479–486

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakata N, Sasaki M, Mochida M, Kishii Y, Yasumuro Y (1984) Genome composition of 42-chromosme lines spontaneously derived from octoploid triticales. J Fac Agric Tottori Univ 19:1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Oettler G (2005) The fortune of a botanical curiosity-Triticale: past, present and future. J Agric Sci 143:329–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oleszczuk S, Rabiza-Swider J, Zimny J, Lukaszewski AJ (2011) Aneuploidy among androgenic progeny of hexaploid triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack). Plant Cell Rep 30:575–586

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen C, Langridge P (1997) Identification of the entire chromosome complement of bread wheat by two-colour fish. Genome 40:589–593

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rakha A, Åman P, Andersson R (2011) Dietary fiber in triticale grain: variation in content, composition, and molecular weight distribution of extractable components. J Cereal Sci 54:324–331

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rayburn AL, Gill BS (1986) Molecular identification of the D-genome chromosomes of wheat. J Hered 77:253–255

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sasaki M, Yasumuro Y, Nakata N (1985) Development of chromosome substitution triticale lines and their utility value as feed. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Grassland Congress, Kyoto, pp 253–255

  • Tang Z, Fu S, Yang B, Zhang H, Ren Z (2012) Unequal chromosome division and inter-genomic translocation occurred in somatic cells of wheat-rye allopolyploid. J Plant Res 125:283–290

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ter Steege MW, den Ouden FM, Lambers H, Stam P, Peeters AJM (2005) Genetic and physiological architecture of early vigor in Aegilops tauschii, the D-genome donor of hexaploid wheat: a quantitative trait loci analysis. Plant Physiol 139:1078–1094

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari VK, Rawat N, Neelam K, Kumar S, Randhawa GS, Dhaliwal HS (2010) Random chromosome elimination in synthetic Triticum-Aegilops amphiploids leads to development of a stable partial amphiploid with high grain micro and macronutrient content and powdery mildew resistance. Genome 53:1053–1065

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trethowan RM, Mujeeb-Kazi A (2008) The use of novel germplasm resources to improve the environmental stress tolerance of hexaploid wheat. Crop Sci 48:1255–1265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Ginkel M, Ogbonnaya F (2007) Novel genetic diversity from synthetic wheats in breeding cultivars for changing production conditions. Field Crops Res 104:86–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varughese G, Pfeiffer WH, Peña RJ (1997) Triticale: a reappraisal. http://www. worldbank.org/html/cgiar/newsletter/april97/8tritic.html. Accessed 5 Nov 2012

  • Weimarck A (1974) Elimination of wheat and rye chromosomes in a strain of octoploid triticale as revealed by giemsa banding technique. Hereditas 77:281–286

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiang ZG, Zhang LQ, Ning SZ, Zheng YL, Liu DC (2009) Evaluation of Aegilops tauschii for heading date and its gene location in a re-synthesized hexaploid wheat. Agric Sci China 8:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xie Q, Kang H, Tao S, Sparkes DL, Fan X, Cui Z, Xu L, Huang J, Fan X, Sha L, Zhang H (2012) Wheat lines derived from trigeneric hybrids of wheat-rye-Psathyrostachys huashanica, the potential resources for grain weight improvement. Aust J Crop Sci 6:1550–1557

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang W, Liu D, Li J, Zhang L, Wei H, Hu X, Zheng Y, He Z, Zou Y (2009) Synthetic hexaploid wheat and its utilization for wheat genetic improvement in China. J Genet Genomics 36(9):539–546

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang YW, Zhang LQ, Yen Y, Zheng YL, Liu DC (2010) Cytological evidence on meiotic restitution in pentaploid F1 hybrids between synthetic hexaploid wheat and Aegilops variabilis. Caryologia 63(4):354–358

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan ZW, Liu DC, Zhang LQ, Zhang L, Chen WJ, Yan ZH, Zheng YL, Zhang HG, Yen Y (2011) Mitotic illegitimate recombination is a mechanism for novel changes in high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in wheat-rye hybrids. PLoS ONE 6:e23511

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang LQ, Chen QJ, Yuan ZW, Xiang ZG, Zheng YL, Liu DC (2008) Production of aneuhaploid and euhaploid sporocytes by meiotic restitution in fertile hybrids between durum wheat Langdon chromosome substitution lines and Aegilops tauschii. J Genet Genomics 35:617–623

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang LQ, Liu DC, Zheng YL, Yan ZH, Dai SF, Li YF, Jiang Q, Ye YQ, Yen Y (2010) Frequent occurrence of unreduced gametes in Triticum turgidum-Aegilops tauschii hybrids. Euphytica 172:285–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang LQ, Yen Y, Zheng YL, Liu DC (2007) Meiotic restriction in emmer wheat is controlled by one or more nuclear genes that continue to function in derived lines. Sex Plant Reprod 20:159–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou J, Zhang H, Yang Z, Li G, Hu L, Lei M, Liu C, Zhang Y, Ren Z (2012) Characterization of a new T2DS.2DL-?R translocation triticale ZH-1 with multiple resistances to diseases. Genet Resour Crop Evol 59:1161–1168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank Prof. Yang Yen, South Dakota State University, USA, for help with manuscript improvement. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271723), the 863 Program (2011AA1001), and the 100-Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Youwei Yang

    Present address: College of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, 415000, Hunan, People’s Republic of China

  2. Meng Wu

    Present address: Department of Botany, Miami University, 316 Pearson Hall, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University at Chengdu, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Ming Hao, Jiangtao Luo, Lianquan Zhang, Zhongwei Yuan, Youwei Yang, Meng Wu, Youliang Zheng & Dengcai Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, People’s Republic of China

    Wenjie Chen, Huaigang Zhang & Dengcai Liu

Authors
  1. Ming Hao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jiangtao Luo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Lianquan Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhongwei Yuan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Youwei Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Meng Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Wenjie Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Youliang Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Huaigang Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Dengcai Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dengcai Liu.

Additional information

Ming Hao and Jiangtao Luo contributed equally to this work

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hao, M., Luo, J., Zhang, L. et al. Production of hexaploid triticale by a synthetic hexaploid wheat-rye hybrid method. Euphytica 193, 347–357 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0930-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0930-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation