Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Phytophthora bilorbang sp. nov., a new species associated with the decline of Rubus anglocandicans (European blackberry) in Western Australia

  • Published:
European Journal of Plant Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A new homothallic Phytophthora species, isolated from rhizosphere soil and roots of declining or dead Rubus anglocandicans (European blackberry) in south-west Western Australia, is described as Phytophthora bilorbang sp. nov. It produces non-papillate sporangia, smooth-walled oogonia containing thick-walled oospores, and paragynous antheridia. Although morphologically similar to several species within ITS Clade 6 and sub-clade II, namely P. gibbosa, P. gregata and P. megasperma, phylogenetic analyses of the ITS, cox1, HSP90, BT and NADH gene regions demonstrate that P. bilorbang sp. nov. is a distinct species. Additionally, P. bilorbang differs from these species in its growth and colony morphology on several media. Pathogenicity tests indicate that P. bilorbang could be responsible for the decline syndrome of blackberry within the Warren and Donnelly River catchments in the south-west of Western Australia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abad, Z. G., Abad, J. A., Coffey, M. D., Oudemans, P. V., Man in’t Veld, W. A., de Gruyter, H., et al. (2008). Phytophthora bisheria sp. nov., a new species identified in isolates from the Rosaceous raspberry, rose and strawberry in three continents. Mycologia, 100, 99–110.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amor, R., Richardson, R., Pritchard, G., & Bruzzese, E. (1998). Rubus fruticosus L. Agg. In F. Panetta, R. Groves, & R. Shepherd (Eds.), The biology of Australian weeds (pp. 225–246). Melbourne: RG & FJ Richardson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andjic, V., Cortinas, M. N., Hardy, G. E. St. J., Wingfield, M. J., & Burgess, T. I. (2007). Multiple gene genealogies reveal important relationships between species of Phaeophleospora infecting Eucalyptus leaves. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 268, 22–33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blair, J. E., Coffey, M. D., Park, S.-Y., Geiser, D. M., & Kang, S. (2008). A multi-locus phylogeny for Phytophthora utilizing markers derived from complete genome sequences. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 45, 266–277.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brasier, C. M., Cooke, D. E. L., Duncan, J. M., & Hansen, E. M. (2003a). Multiple new phenotypic taxa from trees and riparian ecosystems in Phytophthora gonapodyides–P. megasperma ITS Clade 6, which tend to be high-temperature tolerant and either inbreeding or sterile. Mycological Research, 107, 277–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brasier, C. M., Sanchez-Hernandez, E., & Kirk, S. A. (2003b). Phytophthora inundata sp. nov., a part heterothallic pathogen of trees and shrubs in wet or flooded soils. Mycological Research, 107, 477–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruzzese, E., Mahr, F., & Faithfull, I. (2000). Best practice management guide for environmental weeds: Blackberry, Rubus fruticosus aggregate, pp. 1–6. The Cooperative Research Centre for Weed Management Systems: Australia. Retrieved May 20, 2012, from http://www.weeds.org.au/WoNS/blackberry/docs/Blackberry_BPMG.pdf

  • Burgess, T. I., Webster, J. L., Ciampini, J. A., White, D. W., Hardy, G. E. St. J., & Stukely, M. J. C. (2009). Re-evaluation of Phytophthora species isolated during 30 years of vegetation health surveys in Western Australia using molecular techniques. Plant Disease, 93, 215–223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher, T. B., Stukely, M. J. C., & Chester, G. W. (1984). Genetic variation in resistance of Pinus radiata to Phytophthora cinnamomi. Forest Ecology and Management, 8, 197–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, D. E. L., Drenth, A., Duncan, J. M., Wagels, G., & Brasier, C. M. (2000). A molecular phylogeny of Phytophthora and related Oomycetes. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 30, 17–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, J. M., & Kennedy, D. M. (1987). Identities and pathogenicities of Phytophthora spp. causing root rot of red raspberry. Plant Pathology, 36, 276–289.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, M. A., Converse, R. H., Williams, R. N., & Williamson, B. (1991). Compendium of raspberry and blackberry diseases and insects. St. Paul: APS Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, M. A., Doohan, D., Bordelon, B., Welty, C., Williams, R. N., Funt, R. C., et al. (2004). Midwest Small Fruit Pest Management Handbook. The Ohio State University Bulletin, 861, 70. Retrieved March, 2012, from http://ohioline.osu.edu/b861/pdf/ch03_70-73.pdf

  • Erwin, D. C., & Ribeiro, O. K. (1996). Phytophthora diseases worldwide. St. Paul: APS Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, K. J., & Weber, H. E. (2003). Rubus anglocandicans (Rosaceae) is the most widespread taxon of European blackberry in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany, 16, 527–537.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, E. M., & Delatour, C. (1999). Phytophthora species in oak forests of north-east France. Annales des Sciences Forestières, 56, 539–547.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hüberli, D., Tommerup, I. C., & Hardy, G. E. St. J. (2000). False-negative isolations or absence of lesions may cause mis-diagnosis of diseased plants infected with Phytophthora cinnamomi. Australasian Plant Pathology, 29, 164–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, T., & Burgess, T. I. (2009). Re-evaluation of Phytophthora citricola isolates from multiple woody hosts in Europe and North America reveals a new species. Phytophthora plurivora sp. nov. Persoonia, 22, 95–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, T., Blaschke, M., & Neumann, P. (1996). Isolation, identification and pathogenicity of Phytophthora species from declining oak stands. European Journal of Forest Pathology, 26, 253–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, T., Cooke, D. E. L., Blaschke, H., Duncan, J. M., & Oβwald, W. (1999). Phytophthora quercina sp. nov., causing root rot of European oaks. Mycological Research, 103, 785–798.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, T., Blaschke, H., & Oβwald, W. (2000). Involvement of soilborne Phytophthora species in Central European oak decline and the effect of site factors on the disease. Plant Pathology, 49, 706–718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, T., Stukely, M. J. C., Hardy, G. E. St. J., White, D., Paap, T., Dunstan, W. A., & Burgess, T. I. (2011). Multiple new Phytophthora species from ITS clade 6 associated with natural ecosystems in Australia: evolutionary and ecological implications. Persoonia, 26, 13–39.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy, D. M., & Duncan, J. M. (1995). A papillate Phytophthora species with specificity to Rubus. Mycological Research, 99, 57–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kroon, L. P. N. M., Bakker, F. T., van den Bosch, G. B. M., Bonants, P. J. M., & Fliera, W. G. (2004). Phylogenetic analysis of Phytophthora species based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 41, 766–782.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, F. N., & Tooley, P. W. (2003). Phylogenetic relationships among Phytophthora species inferred from sequence analysis of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome oxidase I and II genes. Mycologia, 95, 269–284.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morin, L., & Evans, K. J. (2011). Rubus fruticosus L. aggregate - European blackberry. In M. Julien, R. McFadyen, & J. Cullen (Eds.), Biological control of weeds in Australia (pp. 499–509). Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morin, L., Evans, K., Jourdan, M., Gomez, D. R., & Scott, J. K. (2011). Sourcing additional genetically distinct isolates of the rust fungus Phragmidium violaceum to enhance biological control of European blackberry in Australia. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 131, 289–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rea, A., Jung, T., Burgess, T. I., Stukely, M. J. C., & Hardy, G. E. St. J. (2010). Phytophthora elongata sp. nov. a novel pathogen from the Eucalyptus marginata forest of Western Australia. Australasian Plant Pathology, 39, 477–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reeser, P., Sutton, W., & Hansen, E. (2011a). Phytophthora species in tanoak trees, canopy-drip, soil, and streams in the sudden oak death epidemic area of south-western Oregon, USA. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science, 41S, S65–S73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeser, P. W., Sutton, W., Hansen, E. M., Remigi, P., & Adams, G. C. (2011b). Phytophthora species in forest streams in Oregon and Alaska. Mycologia, 103, 22–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ronquist, F., & Heuelsenbeck, J. P. (2003). MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 19, 1572–1574.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakalidis, M. L., Hardy, G. E. St. J., & Burgess, T. I. (2011). Endophytes and potential pathogens of the baobab species Adansonia gregorii; a focus on the Botryosphaeriaceae. Fungal Ecology, 4, 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swofford, D. L. (2003). Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods). Version 4. (eds). Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates.

  • Washington, W. S. (1988). Phytophthora cryptogea as a cause of root rot of raspberry in Australia; resistance of raspberry cultivars and control by fungicides. Plant Pathology, 37, 225–230.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S., & Taylor, J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In M. A. Innes, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky, & T. J. White (Eds.), PCR protocols: A guide to methods and applications (pp. 315–322). San Diego: Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilcox, W. F., & Latorre, B. A. (2002). Identities and geographic distributions of Phytophthora spp. causing root rot of red raspberry in Chile. Plant Disease, 86, 1357–1362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilcox, W. F., Scott, P. H., Hamm, P. B., Kennedy, D. M., Duncan, J. M., Brasier, C. M., et al. (1993). Identity of a Phytophthora species attacking raspberry in Europe and North America. Mycological Research, 97, 817–831.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Western Australian Department of Environment and Conservation for funding, the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of Iran for financially supporting the senior author, Paul Yeoh (CSIRO Ecosystem Science, WA) and Lee Fontanini (Warren Catchments Council, Manjimup, WA) for field help, Diane White (CPSM, Murdoch University, WA) for technical support, Thomas Jung (Phytophthora Research and Consultancy, Brannenburg, Germany) for assistance with morphology and József Bakonyi (Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences) for providing sequence data for several species.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia

    Sonia Aghighi, Giles E. St. J. Hardy & Treena I. Burgess

  2. CSIRO Ecosystem Science and Climate Change Adaptation Flagship, Private Bag P.O., Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia

    John K. Scott

Authors
  1. Sonia Aghighi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Giles E. St. J. Hardy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. John K. Scott
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Treena I. Burgess
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Treena I. Burgess.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Table S1

Morphological characters, dimensions and temperature-growth relations of Phytophthora bilorbang, P. gibbosa, P. gregata and P. megasperma. Characters decisive for species discrimination are highlighted in bold. (DOCX 106 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Aghighi, S., Hardy, G.E.S.J., Scott, J.K. et al. Phytophthora bilorbang sp. nov., a new species associated with the decline of Rubus anglocandicans (European blackberry) in Western Australia. Eur J Plant Pathol 133, 841–855 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-012-0006-5

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-012-0006-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation