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Introgression between native and prehistorically naturalized (archaeophytic) wild pear (Pyrus spp.) populations in Northern Tohoku, Northeast Japan

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Abstract

Hybridization between native and cultivated species is a concern in conservation biology. However, detecting such hybridization and distinguishing true natives from prehistorically naturalized species based on phenotypic characteristics is difficult. Here, we report on introgression between native and prehistorically introduced pear (Pyrus) species in Northern Tohoku (northern end of Honshu Island), Japan. We analyzed 20 microsatellites in 226 wild, seemingly wild, or cultivated materials. Phenetic analysis showed that wild Japanese populations of P. ussuriensis var. ussuriensis in Northern Tohoku, previously considered true natives based on morphology and phytogeography, differed from those in continental Asia, confirming their nativeness. However, Bayesian inference of population structures showed that Japanese P. ussuriensis was genetically admixed with two genetic clusters: true native P. ussuriensis var. ussuriensis and prehistorically introduced P. pyrifolia. Even in the Kitakami Mountains, where true native populations of var. ussuriensis are believed to persist, most wild trees were at least somewhat admixed. Prehistorically introduced then naturalized plants are treated as natives in Japan’s conservation management, and some are considered endangered. However, introgression of prehistorically naturalized P. pyrifolia into threatened native P. ussuriensis var. ussuriensis has occurred. This paper examines the implications for conservation management.

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Acknowledgements

Contribution No. 1540 of the National Institute of Fruit Tree Science. We are grateful to Dr. K. Hummer and Dr. J. Postman of the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (Corvallis, Oregon), Dr. A. Gontcharov of the Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far-East Branch, of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and Dr. H. Ikeda of the University of Tokyo for collecting and sending us plant materials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8605, Japan

    Hiroyuki Iketani, Toshiya Yamamoto, Nobuko Mase & Yoshihiko Sato

  2. Food Resources Education and Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1348 Uzuranocho, Kasai, Hyogo, 675-2103, Japan

    Hironori Katayama

  3. Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 2000 Kisaichi, Katano, Osaka, 576-0004, Japan

    Chiyomi Uematsu

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  1. Hiroyuki Iketani
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  6. Yoshihiko Sato
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Correspondence to Hiroyuki Iketani.

Electronic supplementary material

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10592_2009_9_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Detailed information on 226 individuals (origin, voucher specimen, name, and accession number) is provided as an electronic Supplementary file.(PDF 104 kb)

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Iketani, H., Yamamoto, T., Katayama, H. et al. Introgression between native and prehistorically naturalized (archaeophytic) wild pear (Pyrus spp.) populations in Northern Tohoku, Northeast Japan. Conserv Genet 11, 115–126 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-0009-8

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