Abstract
Species in the genera Sirobasidium and Sirotrema (Tremellales, Tremellomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota) have been described based solely on the morphology of teleomorph, and many of them lack both isolates of anamorphic yeast state and nucleotide sequence data. Strains of Sirotrema translucens and Sirobasidium japonicum were established for the first time from basidiocarps collected in Japan. Also, an undescribed species in the genus Sirobasidium was isolated. Sirobasidium sp. was characterized by its apiculate epibasidia and 2-celled basidia divided by a longitudinal septum, which is a unique combination of characteristics in the genus. Although the phylogenetic placement of Sb. japonicum within the Tremellales was not resolved in our analysis, Sirobasidium sp. formed a well-supported monophyletic clade with Sb. magnum and Fibulobasidium spp., and Sirotrema translucens was located in the genus Phaeotremella. Mating experiments using single-basidiospore strains showed that Sb. japonicum produced basidia, epibasidia, and basidiospores on a nutrient-poor medium, and the life cycle was successfully completed in controlled conditions. In conclusion, we propose Sirobasidium apiculatum sp. nov. and Phaeotremella translucens comb. nov.
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Acknowledgements
This manuscript was almost drafted by Muneki Yamada, a young talented and personable postgraduate student who had an enthusiasm for the study of fungi, especially Tremellomycetes, although he sadly passed away at the age of 25 by an unexpected accident on 20 May 2017. We are very grateful to the members of the Laboratory of Mycology, Sugadaira, Dr. Takamichi Orihara (KPM), Dr. Kyohei Watanabe (KPM), Dr. Mitsuru Moriguchi of Okinawa University, Dr. Yusuke Takashima, and Dr. Kohei Yamamoto for providing specimens and support in sampling. We would like to thank Dr. Tsuyoshi Hosoya (TNS) for his kind support by loaning a specimen.
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This study was partially funded by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15K18720 to RE and 19H03281 to YD.
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MY and YD designed the study; MY performed field sampling, isolation of the fungi, morphological observation, molecular characterization, and wrote the original draft; HM and YY performed phylogenetic analysis; MY and RE performed phenotypic characterization; YD, RE, MO, and HM edited the original draft; YD and MO supervised the study. All authors approved the final manuscript.
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Table S1
Taxa and their sequences used in the molecular phylogenetic analysis. (DOCX 22 kb)
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Yamada, M., Endoh, R., Masumoto, H. et al. Taxonomic study of polymorphic basidiomycetous fungi Sirobasidium and Sirotrema: Sirobasidium apiculatum sp. nov., Phaeotremella translucens comb. nov. and rediscovery of Sirobasidium japonicum in Japan. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 115, 1421–1436 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-022-01787-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-022-01787-9