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Population genetics of the California National Primate Research Center’s (CNPRC) captive Callicebus cupreus colony

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Abstract

The California National Primate Research Center maintains a small colony of titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus) for behavioral studies. While short tandem repeat (STR) markers are critical for the genetic management of the center’s rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) breeding colony, STRs are not used for this purpose in the maintenance of the center’s titi monkey colony. Consequently, the genetic structure of this titi monkey population has not been characterized. A lack of highly informative genetic markers in titi monkeys has also resulted in scant knowledge of the species’ genetic variation in the wild. The purpose of this study was to develop a panel of highly polymorphic titi monkey STRs using a cross-species polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification protocol that could be used for the genetic management of the titi monkey colony. We screened 16 STR primer pairs and selected those that generated robust and reproducible polymorphic amplicons. Loci that were found to be highly polymorphic, very likely to be useful for parentage verification, pedigree assessment, and studying titi monkey population genetics, were validated using Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and linkage disequilibrium analyses. The genetic data generated in this study were also used to assess directly the impact on the colony’s genetic diversity of a recent adenovirus outbreak. While the adenovirus epizootic disease caused significant mortality (19 deaths among the 65 colony animals), our results suggest that the disease exhibited little or no influence on the overall genetic diversity of the colony.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the California National Primate Research Center (CNPRC) base Grant (OD000169-48), as well as grants from the Good Nature Institute to KB (HD053555 and HD071998). This research adhered to the American Society of Primatologists’ principles for the ethical treatment of primates. Animals used in this research were managed in compliance with Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) regulations or in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines or the US Department of Agriculture regulations prescribing the humane care and use of laboratory animals. The University of California, Davis, and the California National Primate Research Center are AAALAC accredited. The authors are very grateful to the reviewers for their thorough and insightful comments, which considerably improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of California Graduate Program in Forensic Science, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, CA, USA

    Adrian Mendoza, David Glenn Smith & Sree Kanthaswamy

  2. Department of Anthropology, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, 956163, CA, USA

    Jillian Ng, Debra A. George, David Glenn Smith & Sree Kanthaswamy

  3. Department of Psychology, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, CA, USA

    Karen L. Bales & Sally P. Mendoza

  4. California National Primate Research Center, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, CA, USA

    Karen L. Bales, Sally P. Mendoza, David Glenn Smith & Sree Kanthaswamy

  5. Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, CA, USA

    Sree Kanthaswamy

  6. 303 Young Hall, Davis, 95616, CA, USA

    Sree Kanthaswamy

Authors
  1. Adrian Mendoza
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  2. Jillian Ng
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  3. Karen L. Bales
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  4. Sally P. Mendoza
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  5. Debra A. George
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  6. David Glenn Smith
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  7. Sree Kanthaswamy
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Correspondence to Sree Kanthaswamy.

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Mendoza, A., Ng, J., Bales, K.L. et al. Population genetics of the California National Primate Research Center’s (CNPRC) captive Callicebus cupreus colony. Primates 56, 37–44 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0446-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0446-y

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