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Recent advances in pharmacological, hormonal, and nutritional intervention for sarcopenia

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Abstract

Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, is characterized by a deterioration of muscle quantity and quality leading to a gradual slowing of movement, a decline in strength and power, increased risk of fall-related injury, and often frailty. This review focuses on the recent advances of pharmacological, hormonal, and nutritional approaches for attenuating sarcopenia. The article is composed of the data reported in many basic and some clinical studies for mammalian muscles. Resistance training combined with amino acid-containing supplements is the gold standard to prevent sarcopenia. Supplementation with proteins (amino acids) only did not influence sarcopenic symptoms. A myostatin-inhibiting strategy is the most important candidate to prevent sarcopenia in humans. Milder caloric restriction (CR, 15–25%) would also be effective for age-related muscle atrophy in humans. Supplementation with ursolic acid and ghrelin is an intriguing candidate to combat sarcopenia, although further systematic and fundamental research is needed on this treatment.

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Funding

This work was supported by a research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research C (No. 17K01755) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Liberal Arts, Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan

    Kunihiro Sakuma

  2. Department of Physical Therapy, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Kanazawa, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan

    Akihiko Yamaguchi

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  1. Kunihiro Sakuma
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  2. Akihiko Yamaguchi
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Correspondence to Kunihiro Sakuma.

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Sakuma, K., Yamaguchi, A. Recent advances in pharmacological, hormonal, and nutritional intervention for sarcopenia. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 470, 449–460 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-017-2077-9

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