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Resistance exercise and aerobic exercise when paired with dietary energy restriction both reduce the clinical components of metabolic syndrome in previously physically inactive males

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare resistance exercise training (RT) to aerobic exercise training (AE) on the clinical risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) in physically inactive overweight males (age 27–48 years). Subjects with at least one risk factor for MetSyn performed RT (n = 13, age 35.1 ± 4.7 years, BMI 31.2 ± 2.7 kg/m2) or AE (n = 9, age 37.6 ± 4.9 years, BMI, 31.2 ± 3.2 kg/m2) for 6 months. Training frequency and exercise session duration were equal and by 3 months the subjects exercised 4 day/week for 45 min/session. Blood lipids and glucose, waist circumference, and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were measured at 0, 3, and 6 months. A MetSyn z score was calculated for each subject from triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, fasting glucose, waist circumference, and MAP. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. No significant differences existed between RT and AE groups at 0 month. AE showed a significant reduction in MetSyn z score from 0 (0.91 ± 3.57) to 6 months (−1.35 ± 2.95), while RT approached significance (p = 0.07) from 0 (0.09 ± 2.62) to 6 months (−1.30 ± 2.22). Triglycerides (mmol/L) significantly decreased in AE from 0 (1.93 ± 0.90) to 6 months (1.41 ± 0.70). Waist circumference (cm) significantly decreased in AE from 0 (106.8 ± 7.3) to 6 months (101.2 ± 6.5), and in RT from 0 (108.4 ± 9.0) to 6 months (105.7 ± 7.0). MAP (mmHg) decreased in RT from 0 (93.8 ± 5.8) to 6 months (87.5 ± 6.1) and in AE from 0 (97.6 ± 7.0) to 6 months (91.3 ± 6.8). With equal training frequency and exercise session duration, both RT and AE training, when paired with energy restriction improve the clinical risk factor profile for MetSyn.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by The American Heart Association (AHA 9951116Z).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Movement Science, Grand Valley State University, 310C DEV, 401 West Fulton St, Grand Rapids, MI, 49504, USA

    Jeffrey A. Potteiger

  2. Department of Kinesiology and Health, Miami University, Oxford, USA

    Randal P. Claytor

  3. Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, USA

    Mathew W. Hulver

  4. Department of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, USA

    Michael R. Hughes

  5. Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA

    Michael J. Carper

  6. Department of Kinesiology, Missouri State University, Springfield, USA

    Scott Richmond

  7. Departments of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology and Internal Medicine and Harry S. Truman VA Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA

    John P. Thyfault

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  1. Jeffrey A. Potteiger
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  2. Randal P. Claytor
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Correspondence to Jeffrey A. Potteiger.

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Communicated by Susan A. Ward.

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Potteiger, J.A., Claytor, R.P., Hulver, M.W. et al. Resistance exercise and aerobic exercise when paired with dietary energy restriction both reduce the clinical components of metabolic syndrome in previously physically inactive males. Eur J Appl Physiol 112, 2035–2044 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-2174-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-2174-y

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