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Reproductive allocation in female house wrens is not influenced by experimentally altered male attractiveness

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Abstract

The differential allocation hypothesis proposes that females mated to attractive males should invest more resources in their offspring than those mated to less-attractive males, whereas the compensation hypothesis posits that females mated to less-attractive males should invest more resources in their offspring to compensate for lower-quality young. We tested these hypotheses by manipulating attractiveness of male house wrens (Troglodytes aedon) prior to female arrival by adding extra nest sites to territories of some males while leaving control males with only a single nest site. Females laid their eggs sooner in the nests of attractive males, and attractive males were more likely to retain their territory over successive broods and were marginally more likely to obtain a mate for a second brood later in the season than were control males, thereby confirming the effect of our manipulation on male attractiveness. Experimentally enhanced attractiveness also led to increased hematocrit in males. However, there were no consistent differences in the number, size, or quality of eggs laid by females mated to attractive and control males, nor were there any differences in the size, health state, or immune function of nestlings produced from these eggs. There was also no effect of treatment on the number of nestlings surviving to fledging. Collectively, these results are inconsistent with both the differential allocation hypothesis and the compensation hypothesis. Future studies should consider the possibility that the criteria used by females in selecting a mate may vary temporally and be more flexible than generally thought.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the members of the 2007–2008 Wren Crews, in particular Marion Sakaluk, for providing crucial assistance in the field. Others who provided assistance in the laboratory and field were Craig Barnett, Keith Bowers, Sandrine Clairardin, Megan DeMory, Anna Forsman, Jennifer Grindstaff, Ryan Paitz, Jennifer Sutherland, and Andy Sweet. We also thank Steven Juliano, Diane Byers, and Ebony Murrell for their patient statistical advice. The ParkLands Foundation (Merwin Nature Preserve), the Butler and Sears families, and the United Methodist Church (Retreat Ministry, Illinois Great Rivers Conference) generously allowed us to use their land for this study. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (IBN-0316580 to CFT, SKS, and LAV and IOS-0212935 to RMB); the School of Biological Sciences; and two R.D. Weigel grants from the Phi Sigma Biological Honor Society (Beta Lambda Chapter) to SCG.

Ethical standards

All research activities, including banding of birds, were performed in accordance with Illinois State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol 15-2006), United State Fish and Wildlife Service (USF&WS) banding permit 09211, and USF&WS collecting permit MB692148-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790-4120, USA

    Susan C. Grana, Scott K. Sakaluk, Rachel M. Bowden, Melissa A. Doellman, Laura A. Vogel & Charles F. Thompson

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  1. Susan C. Grana
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  2. Scott K. Sakaluk
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  3. Rachel M. Bowden
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  4. Melissa A. Doellman
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  5. Laura A. Vogel
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  6. Charles F. Thompson
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Correspondence to Charles F. Thompson.

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Communicated by S. Pruett-Jones

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Grana, S.C., Sakaluk, S.K., Bowden, R.M. et al. Reproductive allocation in female house wrens is not influenced by experimentally altered male attractiveness. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 66, 1247–1258 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-012-1378-4

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