Skip to main content
Log in

Dielectrophoresis for manipulation of micro/nano particles in microfluidic systems

  • Review
  • Published:
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 03 September 2009

Abstract

Dielectrophoretic (DEP) force is exerted when a neutral particle is polarized in a non-uniform electric field, and depends on the dielectric properties of the particle and the suspending medium. The integration of DEP and microfluidic systems offers numerous applications for the separation, trapping, assembling, transportation, and characterization of micro/nano particles. This article reviews the applications of DEP forces in microfluidic systems. It presents the theory of dielectrophoresis, different configurations, and the applications of such systems for particle manipulation and device fabrication.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Shao B, Zlatanovic S, Ozkan M, Birkbeck AL, Esener SC (2006) Sens Actuators B-Chem 113:866

    Google Scholar 

  2. Monat C, Domachuk P, Eggleton BJ (2007) Nature Photonics 1:106

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ramos A, Morgan H, Green NG, Castellanos A (1998) J Phys D Appl Phys 31:2338

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Carlson RH, Gabel CV, Chan SS, Austin RH, Brody JP, Winkelman JW (1997) Phys Rev Lett 79:2149

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wiklund M, Spegel P, Nilsson S, Hertz HM (2003) Ultrasonics 41:329

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Lilliehorn T, Simu U, Nilsson M, Almqvist M, Stepinski T, Laurell T, Nilsson J, Johansson S (2005) Ultrasonics 43:293

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu C X, Lagae L, Borghs G, Applied Physics Letters, 90 (2007)

  8. Juncker D, Schmid H, Delamarche E (2005) Nature Materials 4:622

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Anderson DG, Levenberg S, Langer R (2004) Nat Biotechnol 22:863

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Manz A, Effenhauser CS, Burggraf N, Harrison DJ, Seiler K, Fluri K (1994) J Micromechanics Microengineering 4:257

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hughes MP (2002) Electrophoresis 23:2569

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Gascoyne PRC, Vykoukal J (2002) Electrophoresis 23:1973

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Gonzalez CF, Remcho VT (2005) J Chromatogr 1079:59

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Pohl HA (1978) Dielectrophoresis: the behaviour of neutral matter in nonuniform electric fields. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kadaksham ATJ, Singh P, Aubry N (2004) Electrophoresis 25:3625

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Demierre N, Braschler T, Muller R, Renaud P (2008) Sens Actuators B-Chem 132:388

    Google Scholar 

  17. Nascimento EM, Nogueira N, Silva T, Braschler T, Demierre N, Renaud P, Oliva AG (2008) Bioelectrochemistry 73:123

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Yasukawa T, Suzuki M, Sekiya T, Shiku H, Matsue T (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:2730

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Auerswald J, Knapp HF (2003) Microelectron Eng 67:879

    Google Scholar 

  20. Huang Y, Yang JM, Hopkins PJ, Kassegne S, Tirado M, Forster AH, Reese H (2003) Biomedical Microdevices 5:217

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Wang ZY, Hansen O, Petersen PK, Rogeberg A, Kutter JP, Bang DD, Wolff A (2006) Electrophoresis 27:5081

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Huang JT, Wang GC, Tseng KM, Fang SB (2008) J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 35:1551

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Kim U, Qian JR, Kenrick SA, Daugherty PS, Soh HT (2008) Anal Chem 80:8656

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Kang YJ, Li DQ, Kalams SA, Eid JE (2008) Biomedical Microdevices 10:243

    Google Scholar 

  25. Parikesit GOF, Markesteijn AP, Piciu OM, Bossche A, Westerweel J, Young IT, Garini Y, (2008) Biomicrofluidics, 2

  26. Krishnan R, Sullivan BD, Mifflin RL, Esener SC, Heller MJ (2008) Electrophoresis 29:1765

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Fu JP, Mao P, Han JY (2005) Applied Physics Letters, 87

  28. Green NG, Morgan H, Milner JJ (1997) J Biochem Biophys Methods 35:89

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Morgan H, Hughes MP, Green NG (1999) Biophys J 77:516

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Ermolina I, Milner J, Morgan H (2006) Electrophoresis 27:3939

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Wang XB, Huang Y, Gascoyne PRC, Becker FF (1997) IEEE Trans Ind Appl 33:660

    Google Scholar 

  32. Wang XB, Huang Y, Wang XJ, Becker FF, Gascoyne PRC (1997) Biophys J 72:1887

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Jia LL, Moorjani SG, Jackson TN, Hancock WO (2004) Biomedical Microdevices 6:67

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Lapizco-Encinas BH, Simmons BA, Cummings EB, Fintschenko Y (2004) Anal Chem 76:1571

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Voldman J (2006) Annu Rev Biomed Eng 8:425

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Cheng IF, Chang HC, Hou D, (2007) Biomicrofluidics 1

  37. Du F, Baune M, Kuck A, Thoming J (2008) Sep Sci Technol 43:3842

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Mendes MJ, Schmidt HK, Pasquali M (2008) J Phys Chem B 112:7467

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Ozuna-Chacon S, Lapizco-Encinas BH, Rito-Palomares M, Martinez-Chapa SO, Reyes-Betanzo C (2008) Electrophoresis 29:3115

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Vahey MD, Voldman J (2008) Anal Chem 80:3135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Wu ZG, Liu AQ, Hjort K (2007) J Micromechanics Microengineering 17:1992

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Hawkins BG, Smith AE, Syed YA, Kirby BJ (2007) Anal Chem 79:7291

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Chen DF, Du H, Li WH (2006) J Micromechanics Microengineering 16:1162

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Kralj JG, Lis MTW, Schmidt MA, Jensen KF (2006) Anal Chem 78:5019

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Pommer MS, Zhang YT, Keerthi N, Chen D, Thomson JA, Meinhart CD, Soh HT (2008) Electrophoresis 29:1213

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Srivastava SK, Daggolu PR, Burgess SC, Minerick AR (2008) Electrophoresis 29:5033

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Chen DF, Du HJ (2007) Microfluid Nanofluid 3:603

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Grilli S, Ferraro P, Applied Physics Letters 92 (2008)

  49. Xiong X, Busnaina A, Selvarasah S, Somu S, Wei M, Mead J, Chen CL, Aceros J, Makaram P, Dokmeci MR Applied Physics Letters, 91 (2007)

  50. Kuzyk A, Yurke B, Toppari JJ, Linko V, Torma P (2008) Small 4:447

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Lapizco-Encinas BH, Ozuna-Chacon S, Rito-Palomares M (2008) J Chromatogr 1206:45

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Salieb-Beugelaar GB, Teapal J, van Nieuwkasteele J, Wijnperle D, Tegenfeldt JO, Lisdat F, van den Berg A, Eijkel JCT (2008) Nano Letters 8:1785

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Asbury CL, van den Engh G (1998) Biophys J 74:1024

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Asbury CL, Diercks AH, van den Engh G (2002) Electrophoresis 23:2658

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Chou CF, Tegenfeldt JO, Bakajin O, Chan SS, Cox EC, Darnton N, Duke T, Austin RH (2002) Biophys J 83:2170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Germishuizen WA, Walti C, Wirtz R, Johnston MB, Pepper M, Davies AG, Middelberg APJ (2003) Nanotechnology 14:896

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Ying LM, White SS, Bruckbauer A, Meadows L, Korchev YE, Klenerman D (2004) Biophys J 86:1018

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Asokan SB, Jawerth L, Carroll RL, Cheney RE, Washburn S, Superfine R (2003) Nano Letters 3:431

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Holzel R, Calander N, Chiragwandi Z, Willander M, Bier FF (2005) Physical Review Letters, 95

  60. Dimaki M, Boggild P (2004) Nanotechnology 15:1095

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Mela P, van den Berg A, Fintschenko Y, Cummings EB, Simmons BA, Kirby BJ (2005) Electrophoresis 26:1792

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Marcus MS, Shang L, Li B, Streifer JA, Beck JD, Perkins E, Eriksson MA, Hamers RJ (2007) Small 3:1610

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Barsotti RJ, Vahey MD, Wartena R, Chiang YM, Voldman J, Stellacci F (2007) Small 3:488

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Suehiro J, Ikeda N, Ohtsubo A, Imasaka K (2008) Microfluid Nanofluid 5:741

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Tomkins MR, Wood JA, Docoslis A (2008) Can J Chem Eng 86:609

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Hughes MP, Morgan H, Rixon FJ, Burt JPH, Pethig R (1998) Biochim Biophys Acta-General Subjects 1425:119

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Hughes MP, Morgan H, Rixon FJ (2002) Biochim Biophys Acta-General Subjects 1571:1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Grom F, Kentsch J, Muller T, Schnelle T, Stelzle M (2006) Electrophoresis 27:1386

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Zheng LF, Brody JP, Burke PJ (2004) Biosens Bioelectron 20:606

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Kim J, Shin YH, Yun JH, Han CS, Hyun MS, Anderson WA (2008) Nanotechnology 19

  71. de la Rosa C, Tilley PA, Fox JD, Kaler K (2008) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 55:2426

    Google Scholar 

  72. Maruyama H, Nakayama Y (2008) Applied Physics Express 1

  73. Terranova ML, Lucci M, Orlanducci S, Tamburri E, Sessa V, Reale A, Di Carlo A (2007) Journal of Physics-Condensed Matter 19

  74. Sebastian A, Buckle AM, Markx GH (2006) J Micromechanics Microengineering 16:1769

    Google Scholar 

  75. Velev OD, Bhatt KH (2006) Soft Matter 2:738

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Washizu M, Kurosawa O, Arai I, Suzuki S, Shimamoto N (1995) IEEE Trans Ind Appl 31:447

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Yang M, Zhang X (2007) Sens Actuators A Phys 135:73

    Google Scholar 

  78. Suzuki M, Yasukawa T, Shiku H, Matsue T (2007) Langmuir 23:4088

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Rosenthal A, Voldman J (2005) Biophys J 88:2193

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Kretschmer R, Fritzsche W (2004) Langmuir 20:11797

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Albrecht DR, Tsang VL, Sah RL, Bhatia SN (2005) Lab on a Chip 5:111

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Hsiung LC, Yang CH, Chiu CL, Chen CL, Wang Y, Lee H, Cheng JY, Ho MC, Wo AM (2008) Biosens Bioelectron 24:869

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Chen Z, Wu ZY, Tong LM, Pan HP, Liu ZF (2006) Anal Chem 78:8069

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Liu XM, Spencer JL, Kaiser AB, Arnold WM (2006) Current Applied Physics 6:427

    Google Scholar 

  85. Hughes MP, Morgan H, Rixon FJ (2001) Eur Biophys J with Biophysics Letters 30:268

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Basuray S, Chang HC, Physical Review E, 75 (2007)

  87. Li HB, Zheng YN, Akin D, Bashir R (2005) Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 14:103

    Google Scholar 

  88. Lee JW, Moon KJ, Ham MH, Myoung JM (2008) Solid State Commun 148:194

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Suehiro J, Zhou GB, Hara M (2003) J Phys D Appl Phys 36:L109

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Suehiro J, Zhou GB, Imakiire H, Ding WD, Hara M (2005) Sens actuators B Chem 108:398

    Google Scholar 

  91. Fung C, Wong VTS, Chan RHM, Li WJ (2004) IEEE Trans Nanotechnology 3:395

    Google Scholar 

  92. Suehiro J, Nakagawa N, Hidaka S, Ueda M, Imasaka K, Higashihata M, Okada T, Hara M (2006) Nanotechnology 17:2567

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Suehiro J, Imakiire H, Hidaka S, Ding WD, Zhou GB, Imasaka K, Hara M (2006) Sens Actuators B Chem 114:943

    Google Scholar 

  94. Costanzo PJ, Liang EZ, Patten TE, Collins SD, Smith RL (2005) Lab Chip 5:606

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Lucci M, Regoliosi R, Reale A, Di Carlo A, Orlanducci S, Tamburri E, Terranova ML, Lugli P, Di Natale C, D’Amico A, Paolesse R (2005) Sens Actuators B Chem 111:181

    Google Scholar 

  96. Suehiro J, Sano N, Zhou GB, Imakiire H, Imasaka K, Hara M (2006) J Electrost 64:408

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Oh SH, Lee SH, Kenrick SA, Daugherty PS, Soh HT (2006) J Proteome Research 5:3433

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Tung S, Rokadia H, Li WJ (2007) Sens Actuators A Phys 133:431

    Google Scholar 

  99. Jenkner M, Tartagni M, Hierlemann A, Thewes R (2004) IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 39:2431

    Google Scholar 

  100. Dan YP, Cao YY, Mallouk TE, Johnson AT, Evoy S (2007) Sens Actuators B Chem 125:55

    Google Scholar 

  101. Park CS, Kang BS, Lee DW, Choi TY, Choi YS (2007) Microelectron Eng 84:1316

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Peng N, Zhang Q, Lee YC, Tan OK, Marzari N (2008) Sens Actuators B Chem 132:191

    Google Scholar 

  103. Liu WJ, Zhang J, Wan LJ, Jiang KW, Tao BR, Li HL, Gong WL, Tang XD (2008) Sens Actuators B Chem 133:664

    Google Scholar 

  104. Lee JH, Kim J, Seo HW, Song JW, Lee ES, Won M, Han CS (2008) Sens Actuators B Chem 129:628

    Google Scholar 

  105. Liu NY, Cai XP, Zhang Q, Lei Y, Chan-Park MB (2008) Electroanalysis 20:558

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Ueda T, Bhulyan MMH, Norimatsu H, Katsuki S, Ikegami T, Mitsugi F (2008) Physica E-Low-Dimensional Systems & Nanostructures 40:2272

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. La Ferrara V, Alfano B, Massera E, Di Francia G (2008) IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 7:776

    Google Scholar 

  108. Castellarnau M, Zine N, Bausells J, Madrid C, Juarez A, Samitier J, Errachid A (2007) Sens Actuators B Chem 120:615

    Google Scholar 

  109. Lai KWC, Fung CKM, Wong VTS, Sin MLY, Li WJ, Kwong CP (2006) IEEE Trans Autom Sci Eng 3:218

    Google Scholar 

  110. Lucci M, Reale A, Di Carlo A, Orlanducci S, Tamburri E, Terranova ML, Davoli I, Di Natale C, D’Amico A, Paolesse R (2006) Sens Actuators B Chem 118:226

    Google Scholar 

  111. Sickert D, Taeger S, Kuhne I, Mertig M, Pompe W, Eckstein G (2006) Phys Status Solidi B Basic Solid State Phys 243:3542

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Liu NY, Cai XP, Lei Y, Zhang Q, Chan-Park MB, Li CM, Chen W, Mulchandani A (2007) Electroanalysis 19:616

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Lee SY, Kim TH, Suh DI, Cho NK, Seong HK, Jung SW, Choi HJ, Lee SK (2006) Chem Phys Lett 427:107

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. C.X. Chen, Y.F. Zhang, Science in China Series E-Engineering & Materials Science, 48 (2005) 669

  115. Li H, Zhang Q, Li JQ (2006) Physical Review B, 73

  116. Taeger S, Mertig M (2007) Int J Mater Res 98:742

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Chang PC, Lu JG (2008) IEEE Trans Electron Devices 55:2977

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Lee SK, Lee SY, Hyung JH, Jang CO, Kim DJ, Suh DI (2008) J Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8:3473

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Wang SC, Yang H, Banerjee S, Herman IP, Akins DL (2008) Mater Lett 62:843

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Motayed A, He MQ, Davydov AV, Melngailis J, Mohammad SN (2006) J Appl Phys 100

  121. Stokes P, Khondaker SI (2008) Nanotechnology, 19

  122. Suh DI, Lee SY, Hyung JH, Kim TR, Lee SK (2008) J Phys Chem C 112:1276

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Yoon A, Hong WK, Lee T (2007) J Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7:4101

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Zhang ZB, Zhang SL, Campbell EEB (2006) J Vac Sci Technol B 24:131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Chen CX, Zhang YF (2006) J Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6:3789

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Lee DS, Svensson J, Lee SW, Park YW, Campbell EEB (2006) J Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6:1325

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Hong SH, Kim HK, Cho KH, Hwang SW, Hwang JS, Ahn D (2006) Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, 24 136

  128. Park B, Lim CH, Jeon HS, Woo CS, Hwang YS, Choi SJ, Cho CW, Lee CJ, Lee SB (2006) J Korean Phys Soc 49:S828

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Taeger S, Sickert D, Atanasov P, Eckstein G, Mertig M (2006) Physica Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Physics 243:3355

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Chimot N, Derycke V, Goffman MF, Bourgoin JP, Happy H, Dambrine G (2007) Applied Physics Letters, 91

  131. Peng N, Zhang, Yuan SN, Li H, Tian JZ, Chan L, Nanotechnology, 18 (2007)

  132. Appenzeller J (2008) Proceedings of the IEEE 96:201

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Lee SY, Urnar A, Suh DI, Park JE, Hahn YB, Ahn JY, Lee SK (2008) Physica E-Low-Dimensional Systems & Nanostructures 40:866

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Pesetski AA, Baumgardner JE, Krishnaswamy SV, Zhang H, Adam JD, Kocabas C, Banks T, Rogers JA (2008) Applied Physics Letters 93

  135. Lao CS, Liu J, Gao PX, Zhang LY, Davidovic D, Tummala R, Wang ZL (2006) Nano Letters 6:263

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Lee SK, Kim TH, Lee SY, Choi KC, Yang P (2007) Phil Mag 87:2105

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Lee SY, Kim TH, Suh DI, Suh EK, Cho NK, Seong WK, Lee SK (2007) Applied Physics a-Materials Science & Processing 87:739

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Huang Y, Wang XB, Tame JA, Pethig R (1993) J Phys D Appl Phys 26:1528

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Wang XB, Huang Y, Becker FF, Gascoyne PRC (1994) J Phys D Appl Phys 27:1571

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Lin JTY, Yeow JTW (2007) Biomedical Microdevices 9:823

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Iliescu C, Yu LM, Xu GL, Tay FEH (2006) Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 15:1506

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Ramadan Q, Samper V, Poenar D, Liang Z, Yu C, Lim TM (2006) Sens Actuators B Chem 113:944

    Google Scholar 

  143. Fatoyinbo HO, Hoettges KF, Reddy SM, Hughes MP (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 23:225

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Medoro G, Nastruzzi C, Guerrieri R, Gambari R, Manaresi N (2007) IEEE Des Test Comput 24:26

    Google Scholar 

  145. Hwang H, Choi YJ, Choi W, Kim SH, Jang J, Park JK (2008) Electrophoresis 29:1203

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Iliescu C, Tay FEH, Xu GL, Yu LM, Samper V (2006) Microsystem Technologies-Micro-and Nanosystems-Information Storage and Processing Systems 12:987

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Kim TH, Lee SY, Cho NK, Seong HK, Choi HJ, Jung SW, Lee SK (2006) Nanotechnology 17:3394

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Seo HW, Han CS, Hwang SO, Park J (2006) Nanotechnology 17:3388

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Hughes MP, Morgan H, Flynn MF (1999) J Colloid Interf Sci 220:454

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Kijlstra J, Vanleeuwen HP, Lyklema J (1992) J Chem Soc-Faraday Trans 88:3441

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Cui L, Holmes D, Morgan H (2001) Electrophoresis 22:3893

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Voldman J, Gray ML, Toner M, Schmidt MA (2002) Anal Chem 74:3984

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Burt JPH, Al-Ameen TAK, Pethig R (1989) J Phys E-Scientific Instruments 22:952

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Dalton C, Goater AD, Burt JPH, Smith HV (2004) J Appl Microbiol 96:24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Bruce A (2008) Molecular Biology of the cell, Garland Science

  156. Khoshmanesh K, Kouzani AZ, Nahavandi S, Baratchi S, Kanwar JR (2008) Computational Biology and Chemistry 32:315

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Nesbitt W, Westein E, Tovar-Lopez F, Tolouei E, Mitchell A, Fu J, Carberry J, Fouras A, Jackson S (2009) Nature Medicine, In press

  158. Becker FF, Wang XB, Huang Y, Pethig R, Vykoukal J, Gascoyne PRC (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:860

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Huang Y, Wang XB, Holzel R, Becker FF, Gascoyne PRC (1995) Phys Med Biol 40:1789

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Pohl HA, Hawk I (1966) Science 152:647

    Google Scholar 

  161. Jung JY, Kwak HY (2007) Anal Chem 79:5087

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Fuchs AB, Romani A, Freida D, Medoro G, Abonnenc M, Altomare L, Chartier I, Guergour D, Villiers C, Marche PN, Tartagni M, Guerrieri R, Chatelain F, Manaresi N (2006) Lab Chip 6:121

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Iliescu C, Xu GL, Loe FC, Ong PL, Tay FEH (2007) Electrophoresis 28:1107

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Kua CH, Lam YC, Rodriguez I, Yang C, Youcef-Toumi K (2007) Anal Chem 79:6975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Li YL, Dalton C, Crabtree HJ, Nilsson G, Kaler K (2007) Lab Chip 7:239

    Google Scholar 

  166. Tai CH, Hsiung SK, Chen CY, Tsai ML, Lee GB (2007) Biomedical Microdevices 9:533

    Google Scholar 

  167. Yu LM, Iliescu C, Xu GL, Tay FEH (2007) Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 16:1120

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Boettcher M, Jaeger M, Kirschbaum M, Mueller T, Schnelle T, Duschl C (2008) Anal Bioanal Chem 390:857

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Pennathur S, Meinhart CD, Soh HT (2008) Lab Chip 8:20

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Arnold WM, Franich NR (2006) Current Applied Physics 6:371

    Google Scholar 

  171. Castellarnau M, Zine N, Bausells J, Madrid C, Juarez A, Samitier J, Errachid A (2006) Mater Sci Eng C Biomim Supramolecular Syst 26:405

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Zou H, Mellon S, Syms RRA, Tanner KE (2006) Biomedical Microdevices 8:353

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Hunt TP, Westervelt RM (2006) Biomedical Microdevices 8:227

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Urdaneta M, Smela E (2007) Electrophoresis 28:3145

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Iliescu C, Yu LM, Tay FEH, Chen BT (2008) Sens Actuators B Chem 129:491

    Google Scholar 

  176. Iliescu C, Tresset G, Xu GL (2007) Applied Physics Letters 90

  177. Yantzi JD, Yeow JTW, Abdallah SS (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:2539

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Fan SK, Huang PW, Wang TT, Peng YH (2008) Lab Chip 8:1325

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Albrecht DR, Underhill GH, Mendelson A, Bhatia SN (2007) Lab Chip 7:702

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Hunt TP, Issadore D, Westervelt RM (2008) Lab Chip 8:81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Prescott LM, Harley JP, Klein DA (2005) Microbiology, McGraw Hill

  182. Kalantar-zadeh K, Fry B (2008) Nanotechnology-enabled Sensors, Springer

  183. Bakewell DJ, Morgan H (2006) IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience 5:139

    Google Scholar 

  184. Sung KE, Burns MA (2006) Anal Chem 78:2939

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Tuukkanen S, Toppari JJ, Kuzyk A, Hirviniemi L, Hytonen VP, Ihalainen T, Torma P (2006) Nano Letters 6:1339

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Kumemura M, Collard D, Yamahata C, Sakaki N, Hashiguchi G, Fujita H (2007) Chemphyschem 8:1875

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Petersen E, Li BQ, Fang XH, Luo HB, Samuilov V, Gersappe D, Sokolov J, Chu B, Rafailovich M (2007) Physical Review Letters, 98

  188. Regtmeier J, Duong TT, Eichhorn R, Anselmetti D, Ros A (2007) Anal Chem 79:3925

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Tuukkanen S, Kuzyk A, Toppari JJ, Hakkinen H, Hytonen VP, Niskanen E, Rinkio M, Torma P (2007) Nanotechnology 18

  190. Voet D, Voet JG, Pratt CW (2006) Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecular Level, John Wiley Sons

  191. Washizu M, Suzuki S, Kurosawa O, Nishizaka T, Shinohara T (1994) IEEE Trans Ind Appl 30:835

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  192. Sadek AZ, Wlodarski W, Shin K, Kaner RB, Kalantar-zadeh K (2006) Nanotechnology 17:4488

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Al-Mashat L, Tran HD, Wlodarski W, Kaner RB, Kalantar-zadeh K (2008) Sens Actuators B Chem 134:826

    Google Scholar 

  194. Hoffman PD, Zhu YX, (2008) Applied Physics Letters 92

  195. Lin YH, Lee GB (2008) Biosens Bioelectron 24:572

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Zhang C, Khoshmanesh K, Tovar-Lopez FJ, Mitchell A, Wlodarski W, Kalantar-zadeh K (2009) Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, Article in press, doi: 10.1007/s10404-009-0419-4

  197. Wang ZL (2003) Adv Mater 15:432

    Google Scholar 

  198. Thostenson ET, Ren ZF, Chou TW (2001) Compos Sci Technol 61:1899

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Klumpp C, Kostarelos K, Prato M (2006) Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 1758:404

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. Baratchi S, Kanwar RK, Khoshmanesh K, Vasu P, Ashok C, Hittu M, Parratt A, Krishnakumar S, Sun XY, Sahoo SK, Kanwar JR (2009) Current Nanoscience 5:15

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Krupke R, Hennrich F, Von Lohneysen H, Kappes M (2003) Science 301:344

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Dimaki M, Boggild P (2006) Physica Status Solidi a-Applications and Materials Science 203:1088

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. An L, Friedrich CR (2008) Applied Physics Letters 92

  204. Gadish N, Voldman J (2006) Anal Chem 78:7870

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Jung SI, Choi JS, Shim HC, Kim S, Jo SH, Lee CJ (2006) Applied Physics Letters 89

  206. Krupke R, Linden S, Rapp M, Hennrich F (2006) Adv Mater 18:1468

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Riegelman M, Liu H, Bau HH (2006) Journal of Fluids Engineering-Transactions of the ASME 128:6

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Marquardt CW, Blatt S, Hennrich F, Lohneysen HV, Krupke R (2006) Applied Physics Letters 89

  209. Peng N, Zhang Q, Li JQ, Liu NY (2006) J Appl Phys 100

  210. Zhang ZB, Zhang SL, Campbell EEB (2006) Chem Phys Lett 421:11

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. Kim JE, Park JK, Han CS (2006) Nanotechnology 17:2937

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Zhou RH, Wang P, Chang HC (2006) Electrophoresis 27:1376

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Dockendorf CPR, Steinlin M, Poulikakos D, Choi TY (2007) Applied Physics Letters 90

  214. Huang LM, Jia Z, O’Brien S (2007) J Mater Chem 17:3863

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Hulman M, Tajmar M (2007) Nanotechnology 18

  216. Makaram P, Selvarasah S, Xiong XG, Chen CL, Busnaina A, Khanduja N, Dokmeci MR (2007) Nanotechnology 18

  217. Mureau N, Mendoza E, Silva SRP (2007) Electrophoresis 28:1495

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Schwamb T, Choi TY, Schirmer N, Bieri NR, Burg B, Tharian J, Sennhauser U, Poulikakos D (2007) Nano Letters 7:3633

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Vijayaraghavan A, Blatt S, Weissenberger D, Oron-Carl M, Hennrich F, Gerthsen D, Hahn H, Krupke R (2007) Nano Letters 7:1556

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Hong SH, Kang MG, Cha HY, Son MH, Hwang JS, Lee HJ, Sull SH, Hwang SW, Whang D, Ahn D (2008) Nanotechnology 19

  221. Jung S, Hong S, Park B, Choi J, Kim Y, Yeom G, Baik S (2008) Carbon 46:24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Yuen FLY, Zak G, Waldman SD, Docoslis A (2008) Cytotechnology 56:9

    Google Scholar 

  223. Zhao MH, Sharma V, Wei HY, Birge RR, Stuart JA, Papadimitrakopoulos F, Huey BD (2008) Nanotechnology 19

  224. Wei HY, Kim SN, Zhao MH, Ju SY, Huey BD, Marcus HL, Papadimitrakopoulos F (2008) Chem Mater 20:2793

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Wei Y, Wei W, Liu L, Fan SS (2008) Diamond and Related Materials 17:1877

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Gibson CT, Carnally S, Roberts CJ (2007) Ultramicroscopy 107:1118

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  227. Peng HQ, Alvarez NT, Kittrell C, Hauge RH, Schmidt HK (2006) J Am Chem Soc 128:8396

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Gao PX, Wang ZL (2005) J Appl Phys 97:044304

    Google Scholar 

  229. Kumar S, Rajaraman S, Gerhardt RA, Wang ZL, Hesketh PJ (2005) Electrochim Acta 51:943

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Wissner-Gross AD (2006) Nanotechnology 17:4986

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  231. Wang DQ, Zhu R, Zhou ZY, Ye XY (2007) Applied Physics Letters 90

  232. Narayanan A, Dan Y, Deshpande V, Di Lello N, Evoy S, Raman S (2006) IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 5:101

    Google Scholar 

  233. Hermanson KD, Lumsdon SO, Williams JP, Kaler EW, Velev OD (2001) Science 294:1082

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  234. Ozturk B, Blackledge C, Flanders BN, Grischkowsky DR (2006) Applied Physics Letters 88

  235. Papadakis SJ, Gu Z, Gracias DH (2006) Applied Physics Letters 88

  236. Ranjan N, Vinzelberg H, Mertig M (2006) Small 2:1490

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Bernard L, Calame M, van der Molen SJ, Liao J, Schonenberger C (2007) Nanotechnology 18

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. Kalantar-zadeh.

Additional information

An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3079-z

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhang, C., Khoshmanesh, K., Mitchell, A. et al. Dielectrophoresis for manipulation of micro/nano particles in microfluidic systems. Anal Bioanal Chem 396, 401–420 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-2922-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-2922-6

Keywords

Navigation