Abstract
A new optimization method based on the principal component analysis (PCA) is presented for the identification of geometry parameters in tool design for mechanical clinching process of thick sheets. By applying PCA in joining, numerous dependent variables relevant for quality can be approximated with a very low number of statistical eigenmodes. Subsequently, the eigenmodes are used instead of the actual dependent variable for mathematically characterising the entire joint. This method offers the possibility of forming a direct functional relation between the tool parameters and the adherend geometries. Thus, the quality of a joint can be optimized by a generic algorithm (GA).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kleiner M, Geiger M, Klaus A (2003) Manufacturing of lightweight components by metal forming. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 52(2):521–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60202-9
Israel M, Mauermann R, Schellnock J (2013) Thick sheet clinching: Joining up to 20 mm total thickness. Adv Shipping Ocean Eng (ASOE)(No.1):1–10.
Groche P, Wohletz S, Brenneis M, Pabst C, Resch F (2014) Joining by forming-a review on joint mechanisms, applications and future trends. J Mater Process Technol 214(10):1972–1994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.12.022
Neugebauer R, Jesche F, Royer L (2005) Automatic optimization of joining by forming by numerical simulation. Production Eng (XII/2):121–4.
Oudjene M, Ben-Ayed L (2008) On the parametrical study of clinch joining of metallic sheets using the Taguchi method. Eng Struct 30(6):1782–1788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.10.017
Oudjene M, Ben-Ayed L, Delamézière A, Batoz J-L (2009) Shape optimization of clinching tools using the response surface methodology with moving least-square approximation. J Mater Process Technol 209(1):289–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.030
Lambiase F, Di Ilio A (2013) Optimization of the clinching tools by means of integrated FE modeling and artificial intelligence techniques. Procedia CIRP 12:163–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2013.09.029
Lambiase F (2013) Influence of process parameters in mechanical clinching with extensible dies. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 66(9-12):2123–2131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4486-4
Roux E, Bouchard P-O (2013) Kriging metamodel global optimization of clinching joining processes accounting for ductile damage. J Mater Process Technol 213(7):1038–1047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.01.018
Drossel WG, Falk T, Israel M, Jesche F (2014) Unerring planning of clinching processes through the use of mathematical methods. KEM 611-612:1437–1444
Landgrebe D, Mauermann R, Kropp T (2017) Clinching - an innovative joining technology for trucks, 5th International Conference on Steels in Cars and Trucks SCT 2017, Noordwijkerhout, Amsterdam.
Wang M-h, G-q X, Li Z, Wang J-q (2017) Shape optimization methodology of clinching tools based on Bezier curve. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 24(1):2267–2280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0987-5
Drossel W-G, Israel M, Falk T (2012) Robustness evaluation and tool optimization in forming applications, 9. Weimar Optimization and Stochastic Days 2012, Weimar.
Hahn O, Klemens U (1996) Fügen durch Umformen, Nieten und Durchsetzfügen: Innovative Verbindungsverfahren für die Praxis. Verlag und Vertriebsgesellschaft Stahlanwendung, Düsseldorf.
Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V (2013) Fertigungsverfahren Fügen, Teil 5: Fügen durch Umformen, Einordnung, Unterteilung, Begriffe. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin
Jolliffe IT (2004) Principal component analysis, 2nd edn. Springer, New York
Saltelli A (2007) Sensitivity analysis in practice: a guide to assessing scientific models. Wiley, Hoboken
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of
interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schwarz, C., Kropp, T., Kraus, C. et al. Optimization of thick sheet clinching tools using principal component analysis. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 106, 471–479 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04512-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04512-5