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Effector-driven marker development and cloning of resistance genes against Phytophthora infestans in potato breeding clone SW93-1015

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We show the usefulness of integrating effector screening in a breeding program and in resistance gene cloning, with Phytophthora resistance in the Swedish potato breeding clone SW93-1015 as an example.

Abstract

Phytophthora infestans is one of the most devastating plant pathogens worldwide. We have earlier found that the SW93-1015 potato breeding clone has an efficient resistance against P. infestans under field conditions in Sweden, which has an unusually high local diversity of the pathogen. This potato clone has characteristics that are different from classical R-gene-mediated resistance such as elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under controlled conditions. Analysis of 76 F1 potato progenies from two individual crosses resulted in nearly 50 % resistant clones, from both crosses. This result suggests that the SW93-1015 clone has a simplex genotype for this trait. Screening with over 50 different P. infestans effectors, containing the conserved motif RXLR (for Arg, any amino acid, Leu, Arg), revealed a specific response to Avr2, which suggests that SW93-1015 might contain a functional homolog of the R2 resistance gene. We cloned eight R2 gene homologs from SW93-1015, whereof seven have not been described before and one gene encoded a protein identical to Rpi-ABPT. Expression of this gene in potato cultivar Désirée provided R2-specific resistance, whereas other homologues did not. Using RNAseq analyses we designed a new DNA marker for the R2 resistance in SW93-1015. In summary, we have demonstrated the use of effector screening in practical breeding material and revealed the key resistance mechanism for SW93-1015.

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Acknowledgments

Maryam Bakhshandeh, Mia Mogren, Pia Ohlsson, Gerard Bijsterbosch and René Linders are thanked for technical assistance. PlantLink and Estelle Proux-Wéra are thanked for bioinformatical support. We thank the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (RBb08-0006), The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (Mistra Biotech), Carl Tryggers Foundation and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO-VIDI Grant 12378) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden

    Marit Lenman, Ashfaq Ali, Per Mühlenbock, Erland Liljeroth & Erik Andreasson

  2. Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden

    Ulrika Carlson-Nilsson

  3. Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Nicolas Champouret & Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers

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  1. Marit Lenman
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  2. Ashfaq Ali
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  3. Per Mühlenbock
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  4. Ulrika Carlson-Nilsson
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  7. Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers
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  8. Erik Andreasson
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Correspondence to Marit Lenman.

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Communicated by B. Hulke.

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Lenman, M., Ali, A., Mühlenbock, P. et al. Effector-driven marker development and cloning of resistance genes against Phytophthora infestans in potato breeding clone SW93-1015. Theor Appl Genet 129, 105–115 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-015-2613-y

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