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Basalzellkarzinom und Stammzellmarker

Beitrag zur möglichen Histogenese?

Basal cell carcinoma and stem cell markers

Contribution to possible histogenesis?

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Zusammenfassung

Prävalenz und Inzidenz des Basalzellkarzinoms nehmen zu. Dennoch wird seine Histogenese weiterhin kontrovers diskutiert. Bisherige Ansätze beziehen sich im Wesentlichen auf morphologische Analogieschlüsse. So wurde historisch für das Basalzellkarzinom aus der morphologischen Ähnlichkeit zur epidermalen Basalzellschicht im Analogieschluss sein histogenetischer Ursprung abgeleitet und der Tumor danach benannt. Demgegenüber könnte jedoch seine Ähnlichkeit zum embryonalen Haarkeim als Hinweis auf eine primitiv-follikuläre Genese gedeutet werden. Im Jahr 1990 wurde der Haarwulst als anatomische Nische für follikuläre Stammzellen beschrieben. Anfängliche Untersuchungen mit Stammzellmarkern ließen einen follikulären Ursprung des Basalzellkarzinoms vermuten. Seit 1998 hat sich nahezu eine Explosion von in der Dermatologie verfügbaren Stammzellmarkern ereignet. In dieser Übersicht werden die am Basalzellkarzinom verwendeten Stammzellmarker dargestellt und kritisch referiert. Zuvor werden Untersuchungen zur Histogenese dieses häufigen dermatologischen Tumors vorgestellt.

Abstract

The prevalence and incidence of basal cell carcinoma are on the rise. Yet, its histogenesis is still controversial. Hitherto discussed concepts are largely based on morphological analogies. Historically, basal cell carcinoma was named after its similarity to the epidermal basal cell layer which is viewed as its histogenetic origin. On the other hand, a primitive follicular origin is postulated due to the morphological similarity of basal cell carcinoma to the embryonic hair germ. In 1990, the hair follicle bulge was characterized as the anatomical niche for follicular stem cells. Early studies employing stem cell markers suggested a follicular origin of basal cell carcinoma. Since then an explosion of stem cell markers has occured in dermatology. In this review, the stem cell markers employed in the examination of basal cell carcinoma up to now are critically evaluated. Initially, studies on the histogenesis of this common dermatological tumor are reviewed.

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Danksagung

Die in diesem Beitrag aufgeführten eigenen Arbeiten wurden mit finanzieller und labortechnischer Unterstützung von Herrn Dr. med. Dieter Krahl, Institut für Dermatohistologie, Heidelberg, durchgeführt, dem ich für die Förderung meiner Forschung danke.

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  1. Department of Dermatology A61, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue A 61, 44195, Cleveland, OH, USA

    K. Sellheyer MD

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  1. K. Sellheyer MD
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Correspondence to K. Sellheyer MD.

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Sellheyer, K. Basalzellkarzinom und Stammzellmarker. Hautarzt 62, 119–127 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-010-2090-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-010-2090-9

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