Abstract
We consider the number of k’s in all the partitions of n, and provide new connections between partitions and functions from multiplicative number theory. In this context, we obtain a new generalization of Euler’s pentagonal number theorem and provide combinatorial interpretations for some special cases of this general result.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andrews, G.E.: The Theory of Partitions. Cambridge Mathematical Library, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1998)
Andrews, G.E., Merca, M.: The truncated pentagonal number theorem. J. Comb. Theory Ser. A 119, 1639–1643 (2012)
Andrews, G.E., Merca, M.: On the number of even parts in all partitions of \(n\) into distinct parts. Ann. Comb. 24, 47–54 (2020)
Berkovich, A., Garvan, F.G.: Some observations on Dyson’s new symmetries of partitions. J. Comb. Theory Ser. A 100, 61–93 (2002)
Christopher, D.: Partitions with fixed number of sizes. J. Integer Seq. 18, 15.11.5 (2015). https://www.emis.de/journals/JIS/VOL18/Christopher/chris7.pdf
Hardy, G.H., Wright, E.M.: An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers, 5th edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1979)
Klazar, M.: Counting even and odd partitions. Am. Math. Mon. 110, 527–532 (2003)
Knopfmacher, A., Mays, M.E.: The sum of distinct parts in compositions and partitions. Bull. Inst. Comb. Appl. 25, 66–78 (1999)
Liu, J.-C.: Some finite generalizations of Euler’s pentagonal number theorem. Czechoslov. Math. J. 67, 525–531 (2017)
Merca, M.: A new look on the generating function for the number of divisors. J. Number Theory 149, 57–69 (2015)
Merca, M.: Combinatorial interpretations of a recent convolution for the number of divisors of a positive integer. J. Number Theory 160, 60–75 (2016)
Merca, M.: New relations for the number of partitions with distinct even parts. J. Number Theory 176, 1–12 (2017)
Merca, M.: The Lambert series factorization theorem. Ramanujan J. 44(2), 417–435 (2017)
Merca, M.: New connections between functions from additive and multiplicative number theory. Mediterr. J. Math. 15, 36 (2018)
Merca, M., Schmidt, M.D.: A partition identity related to Stanley’s theorem. Am. Math. Mon. 125(10), 929–933 (2018)
Merca, M., Schmidt, M.D.: The partition function \(p(n)\) in terms of the classical Möbius function. Ramanujan J. 49, 87–96 (2019)
Merca, M., Schmidt, M.D.: Generating special arithmetic functions by Lambert series factorizations. Contrib. Discret. Math. 14(1), 31–45 (2019)
Merca, M., Schmidt, M.D.: Factorization theorems for generalized Lambert series and applications. Ramanujan J. 51, 391–419 (2020)
Schmidt, M.D.: New recurrence relations and matrix equations for arithmetic functions generated by Lambert series. Acta Arith. 181, 355–367 (2017)
Shanks, D.: A short proof of an identity of Euler. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 2, 747–749 (1951)
Sloane, N.J.A.: The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. Published electronically (2020). https://oeis.org
Tani, N.: Enumeration of the partitions of an integer into parts of a specified number of different sizes and especially two sizes. J. Integer Seq. 14, 11.3.6 (2011). https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/journals/JIS/VOL14/Tani/tani7.pdf
Warnaar, S.O.: \(q\)-hypergeometric proofs of polynomial analogues of the triple product identity, Lebesgue’s identity and Euler’s pentagonal number theorem. Ramanujan J. 8, 467–474 (2004)
Wilf, H.: Three problems in combinatorial asymptotics. J. Comb. Theory Ser. A 35, 199–207 (1983)
Acknowledgements
The author wish to thank the anonymous referees for a very careful reading of the original manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Merca, M. Generalized Lambert Series and Euler’s Pentagonal Number Theorem. Mediterr. J. Math. 18, 29 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-020-01663-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-020-01663-8