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Germplasm transfer from the wild tetraploid speciesSolanum acaule bitt. to the cultivated potato,S. tuberosum L. using 2N eggs

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Abstract

Solanum acaule Bitt. (acl1, 2n=4x=48 and 2n=6x=72) is a wild potato species in which resistance to adverse biotic and abiotic agents has been found. The tetraploid subspeciesacaule andaemulans cannot be easily crossed with the common potato,S. tuberosum L. Grouptuberosum (tbr, 2n=4x=48) because the development of the endosperm in the hybrid seed is abnormal. Since 4xacl behaves as a diploid in intra and interploidy crosses, it was postulated that the hybridization barrier withtbr could be overcome if the wild species produced 2n gametes. One hundred and ninety-seven plants of 4xacl (22 introductions) were screened for pollen of heterogeneous size; only two plants produced this type of pollen, with 3% and 5% of pollen in the large class, respectively. On the other hand, 427 plants (47 introductions) were screened for 2n eggs through controlled crosses withtbr. Forty-one plants (13 introductions) produced 219 berries of which 46 contained at least one plump seed. Seed from berries with low seed set gave rise to hexaploid hybrids possibly through the functioning of 2n eggs from 4xacl. A sample of these hybrids was successfully backcrossed as female parents totbr, giving rise to 5x BC1 progenies. These BC1 progenies could be easily back-crossed totbr, yielding tetraploid or near tetraploid BC2 plants.

Compendio

Solanum acaule Bitt. (acl1, 2n=4x=48 y 2n=6x=72) es una especie sil-vestre de papa en la que se ha hallado resistencia a agentes bióticos y abióticos adversos. Las subespecies tetraploidesacaule y aemulans no pueden cruzarse fácilmente con la papa común,S. tuberosum Grupotuberosum (tbr, 2n=4x=48) porque el desarrollo del endosperma en la semilla hibrída es anormal. Dado queacl 4x se comporta como un diploide en cruzamientos intra e interploides, se postuló que la barrera a la hibridación podía ser sorteada siacl produjera gametos 2n. Ciento noventa y siete plantas deacl (22 introducciones) fueron tamizadas por producción de polen de tamaño heterogéneo; sólo dos plantas produjeron este tipo de polen, con 3% y 5% de polen de tamaño grande. Por otro lado, 427 plantas (47 introducciones) fueron tamizadas por producción de oósferas 2n. Cuarenta y una plantas (13 introducciones) produjeron 219 bayas de las cuales 46 contenian por lo menos una semilla llena. Las semillas de bayas con baja producción de semillas originaron híbridos hexaploides, posiblemente debido al funciona-miento de oósferas 2n deacl 4x. Una muestra de estos híbridos fue retrocruzada con éxito como progenitores femeninos contbr, originando progenies de RC1 pentaploides. Estas progenies pudieron ser fácilmente retrocruzadas contbr, obteniéndose plantas de RC2 con ploidía tetraploide o cercana a tetraploide.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. de Agronomia, EEA Balcarce (INTA), C.G. 276, 7620, Balcarce

    Juan C. Espinillo (Research geneticist CONICET and Professor of Genetics FCA (UNMdP), and assistant)

Authors
  1. Elsa L. Camadro
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  2. Juan C. Espinillo
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Camadro, E.L., Espinillo, J.C. Germplasm transfer from the wild tetraploid speciesSolanum acaule bitt. to the cultivated potato,S. tuberosum L. using 2N eggs. American Potato Journal 67, 737–749 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03044524

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