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Preemptive gabapentin decreases postoperative pain after lumbar discoidectomy

L’administration préventive de gabapentine diminue la douleur postopératoire d’une discectomie lombaire

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Abstract

Purpose

We investigated whether the preemptive use of gabapentin, a structural analogue of gamma amino butyric acid could reduce postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption in patients after single-level lumbar discoidectomy.

Methods

Fifty-six ASA I and II patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups to receive either gabapentin 300 mg or placebo two hours before surgery. After surgery, the pain was assessed on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at intervals of 0–6, 6–12, 12–18, and 18–24 hr at rest. Total fentanyl consumption in the first 24 hr after surgery was also recorded. Fentanyl 2 μg·kg−1 intravenously was used to treat postoperative pain on patients’ demand.

Results

Patients in the gabapentin group had significantly lower VAS scores at all time intervals of 0–6, 6–12, 12–18,and 18–24 hr than those in the placebo group (3.5 ± 2.3, 3.2 ± 2.1, 1.8 ± 1.7, 1.2 ± 1.3 vs 6.1 ± 1.7, 4.4 ± 1.2, 3.3 ± 1.1, 2.1 ± 1.2; P < 0.05). The total fentanyl consumed after surgery in the first 24 hr in the gabapentin group (233.5 ± 141.9, mean + SD) was significantly less than in the placebo group (359.6 ± 104.1 ; P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Preemptive gabapentin 300 mg po significantly decreases the severity of pain postoperatively in patients who undergo single-level lumbar discoidectomy.

Résumé

Objectif

Vérifier si l’usage préventif de gabapentine, analogue structurel de l’acide gamma amino-butyrique, pouvait réduire la douleur postopératoire et la consommation de fentanyl dans les cas de discectomie lombaire à un seul niveau.

Méthode

Cinquante-six patients d’état physique ASA I et II, répartis au hasard en deux groupes égaux, ont reçu soit 300 mg de gabapentine, soit un placebo, deux heures avant l’opération. Après l’opération, la douleur a été évaluée selon une échelle visuelle analogique (EVA) de 0–6, 6–12, 12–18 et 18–24 h au repos. La consommation totale de fentanyl pendant les 24 premières heures postopératoires a aussi été notée. Une dose iv de 2 μg·kg−1 de fentanyl a été utilisée pour traiter la douleur postopératoire sur demande.

Résultats

Les patients sous gabapentine ont eu des scores significativement plus bas à l’EVA, pour toutes les mesures aux intervalles de 0–6, 6–12, 12–18 et 18–24 h, que ceux du groupe placebo (3,5 ± 2,3 ; 3,2 ±2,1 ; 1,8 ± 1,7 ; 1,2 ± 1,3 vs 6,1 ± 1,7 ; 4,4 ± 1,2 ; 3,3 ± 1,1 ; 2,1 ± 1,2 ; P < 0,05). La consommation postopératoire totale de fentanyl pendant les 24 premières heures a été significativement plus faible avec la gabapentine (233,5 ± 141,9, moyenne + écart type) qu’avec le placebo (359,6 ± 104,1 ; P < 0,05).

Conclusion

L’administration préventive de 300 mg po de gabapentine diminue significativement la sévérité de la douleur postopératoire chez les patients qui subissent une discectomie lombaire à un seul niveau.

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Correspondence to Chandra Kant Pandey.

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Pandey, C.K., Sahay, S., Gupta, D. et al. Preemptive gabapentin decreases postoperative pain after lumbar discoidectomy. Can J Anesth 51, 986–989 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018484

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