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Cytokines in rheumatic diseases

  • Published:
Biotherapy

Abstract

IL-1 and related cytokines have multiple biologic activities relevant to the rheumatic diseases. In addition to mediating inflammatory and immune responses, these proteins regulate many aspects of connective tissue metabolism. The cytokines interact in complex cascades: because of this, and various technical reasons, the exact role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases remains uncertain. However, considerable experimental data suggest that the abnormal regulation of cytokines contributes to such siseases as inflammatory arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and dermatomyositis. Animal models of these diseases have contributed to understanding the role of cytokines in pathogenesis. Furthermore, drugs useful in treating these diseases affect cytokine pathways; some cytokines, their antagonists, or related substances have been used therapeutically to treat rheumatic diseases. The therapeutic use of these agents will likely increase as knowledge about the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases expands.

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Abbreviations

CSF:

colony stimulating factor

ELAM:

endothelial leukocyte adherence molecule

FGF:

fibroblast growth factor

ICAM:

intercellular adhesion molecule

IFN:

interferon

IL:

interleukin

LFA:

lymphocyte function-associated antigen

LIF:

leukemia inhibitory factor

MCAF:

monocyte chemotactic/activitating factor

MCP:

monocyte chemoattractant protein

MDP:

muramyl dipeptide

PAI:

plasminogen activator inhibitor

PBMC:

peripheral blood mononuclear cells

PDGF:

platelet derived growth factor

PG:

prostaglandin

PHA:

phytohemagglutinin

Ra:

receptor antagonist

SLE:

systemic lupus erythematosus

SSc:

systemic sclerosis

TGF:

transforming growth factor

TNF:

tumor necrosis factor

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  1. Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, The Floating Hospital, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, 750 Washington St., 02111, Boston, MA, USA

    Laurie C. Miller

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Miller, L.C. Cytokines in rheumatic diseases. Biotherapy 8, 99–111 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01878493

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