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Development of a protein binding assay for teleost insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-like: relationships between growth hormone (GH) and IGF-like in the blood of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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Un dosage des somatomédines (IGF) plasmatiques de téléostéens a été mise au point, en utilisant une protéine du sérum de truite qui lie spécifiquement les IGF humains (Niu and Le Bail 1993). Pour éliminer les risques d'interférence dues aux protéines de liaison (IGF-BP), l'activité IGF des différents échantillons a été extraite à l'aide de SP Sephadex C-25 en condition acide. La contamination en IGF-BP de ces extraits est estimée à 5% par dosage de la liaison et n'est pas détectable en western ligand blot.

L'IGF-I humain a été utilisée comme standard et comme traceur. La sensibilité du dosage est de 0.15–0.40 ng/ml (ED90) et l'ED50 varie entre 1 et 3 ng/ml. L'IGF-II humain est reconnue partiellement mais aucune réaction croisée n'est observée avec de l'insuline de différentes espèces ni avec les autres hormones testées. Les courbes d'inhibition obtenues avec les sera de mammifères et de téléostéens sont parallèles à la courbe standard. Ces résultats montrent que le dosage par protéine de liaison est capable de quantifier une activité de type IGF dans le sérum des téléostéen, et que le site de liaison des IGF est resté bien conservé au cours de l'évolution des vertébrés.

En utilisant ce dosage, nous avons mesuré l'activité IGF et les niveaux d'hormone de croissance (GH) dans des plasmas de jeunes truites arc-en-ciel abattues toutes les heures et demie durant 24h. Les profils nycthémér-aux des deux hormones, qui sont de type pulsatile, apparaissent similaires. Une corrélation significative est observée entre les niveaux de GH et les activités IGF circulant une heure et demie plus tard. Des observations analogues ont été faites chez des truites adultes cathétérisées. Cependant, les niveaux plasmatiques de GH sont très différents d'un animal à l'autre, alors que les variations de l'activité IGF sont moins prononcées. Dans une troisième expérience, des truites ont été réparties en trois groupes: un groupe contrôle, un groupe traité avec de la GH bovine et un groupe soumis à un jeûne prolongé. Chez les animaux à jeun, les niveaux de GH augmentent alors que les activités IGF diminuent. Chez les animaux injectés avec de la GH, les activités IGF sont significativement plus élevées que chez les animaux témoins. Ces résultats suggèrent que, comme chez les mammifères, la sécrétion des IGF plasmatiques est contrôlée par les niveaux circulants de GH et que les variations de la réceptivité tissulaire à la GH dépendent de l'état nutritionnel des animaux.

Abstract

Using rainbow trout plasma protein (IGF-BP) which specifically binds human insulin-like growth factor (IGF) (Niu and Le Bail 1993), we have developed an assay to measure plasma IGF-like levels in different teleost species. Before the assay and to prevent interference by IGF-BP, IGF-like was extracted from all samples, using SP Sephadex C-25 in acidic conditions. After this treatment, contamination of the IGF fraction by IGF-BP which was estimated by binding assay, was approximately 5%, and was not detectable by western ligand blot.

Human IGF-I was used as standard and labelled hormone. Sensitivity of the assay was 0.15–0.40 ng/ml (ED90) and ED50 was 1–3 ng/ml. hIGF-II crossreaction was partial and no significant displacement was observed with Insulin from different species or with other hormones. Inhibition curves were obtained with plasma IGF fractions (but not with tissue extracts) from teleost and mammals and are parallel to the standard curve. These results suggest that the protein binding assay can quantify an IGF-like factor in the plasma of teleost and that the binding sites of IGF are well conserved during vertebrate evolution.

Using this IGF binding assay, IGF-like was measured in parallel with growth hormone (GH) in plasma from young rainbow trout killed every 1.5h throughout one day. The daily profiles for both hormones, which appear pulsatile, are similar. A significant correlation was observed between GH levels and IGF-like levels with a 1.5h delay. Analogous observations were obtained in individual catheterized adult rainbow trout. Although plasma GH levels differ greatly between fish, less variability is found with IGF-like. In a third experiment, rainbow trout were starved or submitted to bovine GH treatment for four weeks. Starved fish, in which plasma GH levels increased, had plasma IGF-like level significantly lower than in fed fish. In bGH injected fish, plasma IGF-like level was significantly higher than in non-injected fish. These results suggest that, as in mammals, IGF-like secretion depends on plasma GH level and could be modulated by the nutritional status of fish.

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Niu, PD., Perez-Sanchez, J. & Le Bail, PY. Development of a protein binding assay for teleost insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-like: relationships between growth hormone (GH) and IGF-like in the blood of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiol Biochem 11, 381–391 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00004588

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