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Golgi enzymes that synthesize plant cell wall polysaccharides: finding and evaluating candidates in the genomic era

  • Chapter
Plant Cell Walls

Abstract

Although the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides is a critical process during plant cell growth and differentiation, many of the wall biosynthetic genes have not yet been identified. This review focuses on the synthesis of noncellulosic matrix polysaccharides formed in the Golgi apparatus. Dur consideration is limited to two types of plant cell wall biosynthetic enzymes: glycan synthases and glycosyltransferases. Classical means of identifying these enzymes and the genes that encode them rely on biochemical purification of enzyme activity to obtain amino acid sequence data that is then used to identify the corresponding gene. This type of approach is difficult, especially when acceptor substrates for activity assays are unavailable, as is the case for many enzymes. However, bioinformatics and functional genomics provide powerful alternative means of identifying and evaluating candidate genes. Database searches using various strategies and expression profiling can identify candidate genes. The involvement of these genes in wall biosynthesis can be evaluated using genetic, reverse genetic, biochemical, and heterologous expression methods. Recent advances using these methods are considered in this review.

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Abbreviations

AtFUT1:

Arabidopsis thaliana fucosyltransferase 1

EST:

expressed sequence tag

FucT:

fucosyltransferase

GDP-Fuc:

guanosine 5’-diphospo-α-L-fucose

UDP:

uridine 5’-diphosphate

XyG:

xyloglucan

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA

    Robyn Perrin & Curtis Wilkerson

  2. Department of Biochemistry, MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA

    Kenneth Keegstra

Authors
  1. Robyn Perrin
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  2. Curtis Wilkerson
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  3. Kenneth Keegstra
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Botany & Plant Pathology Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    N. C. Carpita

  2. Dept. Plant Sciences University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    M. Campbell

  3. Dept. Botany University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA

    M. Tierney

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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Perrin, R., Wilkerson, C., Keegstra, K. (2001). Golgi enzymes that synthesize plant cell wall polysaccharides: finding and evaluating candidates in the genomic era. In: Carpita, N.C., Campbell, M., Tierney, M. (eds) Plant Cell Walls. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0668-2_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0668-2_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-3861-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0668-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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