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Experimental Embryology

  • Chapter
Embryology of Angiosperms

Abstract

The beginnings of experimental embryology date back to the observations of Massart (1902) who obtained swelling of the ovary by treating the ovaries of certain plants with spores of Lycopodium, dead pollinia, and aqueous extracts of pollen. It was suspected that the pollen tube, apart from carrying the sperm nuclei, also contributes to the growth of ovary by supplying auxins. Rechinger (1893) placed root pieces of beet and dandelion, and stem segments of poplar, on moist filter paper. He attempted to induce growth in a minimal number of cells, although slices thinner than 1.5 mm gave no callus. Haberlandt (1902) attempted to cultivate cells from the leaves of several angiosperms. He experimented with isolated palisade cells of Lamium purpureum, and hair cells of Tradescantia virginica and Pulmonaria mollissima. His assumption that chlorophyllous cells supply themselves with organic substances for nutrition proved erroneous. However, Haberlandt’s unsuccessful efforts paved the way to finding suitable nutrient composition and optimal conditions to grow organs, tissues, and cells. Knudson (1919) cultured the root cap cells which remained viable for 70 days but did not divide. Molliard (1921) adopted a different approach. He used segments of roots and hypocotyl of young radish shoots which had embryonic activity and, hence, grew in culture but did not divide to form new tissues.

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Authors
  1. B. M. Johri
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  2. P. S. Rao
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  1. Department of Botany, University of Delhi, 110007, Delhi, India

    Brij Mohan Johri

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Johri, B.M., Rao, P.S. (1984). Experimental Embryology. In: Johri, B.M. (eds) Embryology of Angiosperms. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69302-1_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69302-1_16

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