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Marine Bioinvasions in the Southeastern Pacific: Status, Ecology, Economic Impacts, Conservation and Management

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Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 204))

Knowledge of the status of marine non-indigenous species (NIS) in temperate southeastern Pacific countries (Chile and Peru) is incipient. Nevertheless, at least in Chile, the problem has recently been addressed by taxonomists and ecologists (e.g. Baez et al. 1998; Gajardo and Laikre 2003; Castilla et al. 2005; Camus 2005). While numerous NIS have been intentionally introduced for aquaculture purposes (e.g. Crassostrea gigas, Haliotis rufescens, in both Chile and Peru, and various salmonid species in Chile) there are few studies that have made an explicit examination of the marine environment for the presence of NIS. In Chile, there is a large work-force of researchers studying marine environments for other purposes, and from this assemblage of individuals only a few reports have been made regarding abundant or aggressive exotic species: currently only one thriving invader is known: Codium fragile ssp. tomen-tosoides. In this sense, it appears that Chile, and probably Peru, may be relatively “more pristine” than other coasts in terms of the presence of conspicuous, highly invasive NIS. Nevertheless, the status of non-invasive and cryptogenic NIS in these countries still needs to be fully evaluated. If these marine environments actually are less invaded than other parts of the world it is important to take action now to prevent future introductions, and to study the factors that may limit exotic species introductions and/or their spread. In this chapter our aims are threefold: (1) to discuss the state of knowledge of marine NIS in Chile and report on preliminary evidence from Peru; (2) to provide the most current listing of marine NIS in these countries (Chile and Peru), with information on exotic species' distributions in Chile, the most probable introduction pathway(s) and donor area(s), and known or potential ecological, economic and conservation effects; (3) to discuss the current legislative status of NIS in Chile and make recommendations for further studies in this country based on experiences from other parts of the world.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecología y Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ecología y Biodiversidad, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Juan C. Castilla (Faltad de Ciencias Biológicas)

  2. Departamento de Ecología Costera, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile

    Paula E. Neill (Facultad de Ciencias)

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  1. Juan C. Castilla
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  2. Paula E. Neill
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Cordley 3029, Corvallis, OR, 97331-2914, USA

    Gil Rilov

  2. Tijuana River National Estuarine Research Reserve and the Southwest Wetlands, Interpretive Association, 301 Caspian Way, Imperial Beach, CA, 91932, USA

    Jeffrey A. Crooks

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Castilla, J.C., Neill, P.E. (2009). Marine Bioinvasions in the Southeastern Pacific: Status, Ecology, Economic Impacts, Conservation and Management. In: Rilov, G., Crooks, J.A. (eds) Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems. Ecological Studies, vol 204. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79236-9_26

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