Abstract
■ Vocal fold nodules are bilateral, fairly symmetric, midmembranous vocal fold lesions that have normal stroboscopic or minimal impairment findings that result in an hourglass closure pattern.
■ Most patients with vocal fold nodules improve with nonsurgical treatment methods, however there may be some rare cases of recalcitrant vocal fold nodules that require surgical excision.
■ Surgical excision of vocal fold nodules should be extremely conservative, precise and performed in a subepithelial fashion.
■ The initial retraction or grasping of the vocal fold lesion is very important. This step in large part determines the success of the procedure.
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(2008). Vocal Fold Nodules. In: Operative Techniques in Laryngology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68107-6_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68107-6_16
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