Description
The term passportization became prominent following the 2008 Russo-Georgian war and has been defined as the mass conferral of citizenship to the population of a particular foreign territory by distributing passports, generally within a relatively short period (Artman 2013; Nagashima 2019).
Passportization falls within the broader policy of extraterritorial naturalization, which numerous states have conducted. What makes passportization unique and dangerous are its consequences. Russia justified its military interventions in Georgia, and to an extent in Ukraine, by arguing that it had a responsibility to protect and defend its citizens (Medvedev 2008), who only recently had become Russian citizens.
Theoretically, passportization as a policy can be carried out by any state, but its current usage is almost exclusively used to refer to Russia’s distribution of passports in post-Soviet...
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Ganohariti, R. (2021). Politics of Passportization and Territorial Conflicts. In: The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11795-5_182-1
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Politics of Passportization and Territorial Conflicts- Published:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11795-5_182-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11795-5_182-1