Abstract
A wide variety of bioimaging techniques (e.g., ultrasound, computed X-ray tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography) are commonly employed for clinical diagnostics and scientific research. While all of these methods use a characteristic “energy–matter” interaction to provide specific details about biological processes, each modality differs from another in terms of spatial and temporal resolution, anatomical and molecular details, imaging depth, as well as the desirable material properties of contrast agents needed for augmented imaging. On many occasions, it is advantageous to apply multiple complimentary imaging modalities for faster and more accurate prognosis. Since most imaging modalities employ exogenous contrast agents to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, the development and use of multimodal contrast agents is considered to be highly advantageous for obtaining improved imagery from sought-after imaging modalities. Multimodal contrast agents offer improvements in patient care, and at the same time can reduce costs and enhance safety by limiting the number of contrast agent administrations required for imaging purposes. Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of nanoparticulate-based multimodal contrast agent for noninvasive bioimaging using MRI, optical, and photoacoustic tomography (PAT)-imaging modalities. The synthesis of these agents is described using microemulsions, which enable facile integration of the desired diversity of contrast agents and material components into a single entity.
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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Particle Engineering Research Center (PERC) at the University of Florida, the National Science Foundation (NSF Grant EEC-94-02989, NSF-NIRT Grant EEC-0506560), the National Institute of Health (RO1HL75258, R01HL78670), James and Esther King Biomedical Research Program (Grant 06NIR-05), Patricia Adams Cancer Nanotechnology Research Fund, and the Industrial Partners of the PERC for support of his research. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the National Science Foundation. NMR (MRI) data were obtained at the Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy (AMRIS) facility in the McKnight Brain Institute of the University of Florida. P.S. acknowledges Principal, St. Stephen’s College, Delhi, India, for granting leave for research.
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Sharma, P. et al. (2010). Multimodal Nanoparticulate Bioimaging Contrast Agents. In: Grobmyer, S., Moudgil, B. (eds) Cancer Nanotechnology. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 624. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-609-2_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-609-2_5
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