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The Functional Roles of Glial Cells in Health and Disease pp 157–171Cite as

Axotomy-Induced Glial Reactions in Normal and Cytokine Transgenic Mice

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 468))

Abstract

A key feature of the response of the CNS to injury and disease is a tightly regulated synthesis of a number of immunoregulatory cytokines, like interleukin-1 (IL-1) (Fagan and Gage, 1990; Wang et al., 1997) and IL-6 (Wang et al., 1995), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (Wang et al., 1997) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) (Lehrmann et al., 1998; Morgan et al., 1993), which in the presence of T-cells may be supplemented by the additional presence of interferon gamma (IFNγ) (Merrill et al., 1992; Renno et al., 1995). Although the biological functions of these and other cytokines have been extensively investigated in vitro(Aloisi et al, 1995; D’Souza et al., 1996; Frei et al., 1987; Merrill, 1991; Merrill and Benveniste, 1996; Sawada et al., 1989), no clear concept has emerged as to their functions on neurons and glia in vivo.In this study, we have investigated the role of IFNγ and TNF on axotomy-induced microglial and oligodendrocyte activation, by applying a well-characterized axonal lesion model, the so-called perforant path (PP) lesion paradigm (Fagan and Gage, 1994; Jensen et al., 1994; Lynch et al., 1972; Matthews et al., 1976a,b) to transgenic mice with myelin basic protein (MBP) promoter driven expression of IFNγ (Renno et al., 1998) or TNF (Taupin et al., 1997) in their CNS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Biology Odense University, Winsløwparken 19, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark

    B. Finsen, N. D. Lomholt, I. V. Hegelund & F. R. Poulsen

  2. Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University, 3801 University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada

    M. B. Jensen & T. Owens

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  1. B. Finsen
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  2. N. D. Lomholt
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  3. I. V. Hegelund
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  4. F. R. Poulsen
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  5. M. B. Jensen
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  6. T. Owens
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland

    Marco Tsacopoulos

  2. Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece

    Rebecca Matsas

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Finsen, B., Lomholt, N.D., Hegelund, I.V., Poulsen, F.R., Jensen, M.B., Owens, T. (1999). Axotomy-Induced Glial Reactions in Normal and Cytokine Transgenic Mice. In: Matsas, R., Tsacopoulos, M. (eds) The Functional Roles of Glial Cells in Health and Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 468. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4685-6_13

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