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Evolution of Retroposons

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Book cover Evolutionary Biology

Part of the book series: Evolutionary Biology ((EBIO,volume 27))

Abstract

The term SINE was first coined (Singer, 1982) to describe the short interspersed elements (as opposed to the LINEs, long interspersed elements) that were found throughout many eukaryotic genomes. SINEs were defined only on the basis of their length and repetition. We can now separate the short repeated DNA elements into a number of classes, including the retroposons (Rogers, 1983), variable number of tandem repeats or VNTRs (Nakamura et al., 1987), and a number of smaller families of sequences whose nature is not yet understood (Jurka, 1990; Kaplan et al., 1991). Each of these subclasses has distinctly different characteristics; here we will discuss the retroposons only. The retroposons represent interspersed repeated elements that apparently have amplified via an RNA intermediate (Jagadeeswaran et al., 1981) [reviewed in Rogers (1983, 1985) and Weiner et al. (1986)], but do not code for any proteins that may aid the amplification process. In that sense, the retroposons are only differentiated from the processed pseudogenes based on their higher copy number. In this review, we will use the terms SINEs and retroposons interchangeably.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Human Genome Center, L-452, Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California, 94551, USA

    Mark A. Batzer

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biological, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA

    Prescott L. Deininger

  3. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121, USA

    Prescott L. Deininger

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  1. Prescott L. Deininger
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  2. Mark A. Batzer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York, USA

    Max K. Hecht

  2. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

    Ross J. MacIntyre

  3. University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA

    Michael T. Clegg

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Deininger, P.L., Batzer, M.A. (1993). Evolution of Retroposons. In: Hecht, M.K., MacIntyre, R.J., Clegg, M.T. (eds) Evolutionary Biology. Evolutionary Biology, vol 27. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2878-4_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2878-4_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6248-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2878-4

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