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Simultaneous Roles for Ca2+ in Excitation and Adaptation of Limulus Ventral Photoreceptors

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Photoreceptors and Calcium

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 514))

Abstract

The ventral photoreceptors ofLimulushave been one of the main preparations for the study of invertebrate phototransduction. The study of ventral photoreceptors has revealed that they have remarkable performance characteristics, most notably the very large amplification of the transduction process. This amplification is critically dependent upon the coupling of photoactivated rhodopsin to the phosphoinositide cascade, resulting in the release of Ca2+from intracellular stores. The consequent elevation of Ca2+within the photoreceptor’s cytosol is amongst the most rapid and dramatic known to be activated by the phosphoinositide cascade. This review summarizes the evidence that intracellular Ca2+is a key regulator of transduction inLimulusphotoreceptors. The mechanisms that regulate Ca2+as well as the possible targets of the action of Ca2+are reviewed. Ca2+elevation is critical for triggering both excitation and adaptation processes in the photoreceptor. The question of how a single second messenger can produce these two opposing effects is of obvious interest and is a topic dealt with throughout this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, 02454, MA, USA

    John E. Lisman, Edwin A. Richard & Sridhar Raghavachari

  2. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

    Richard Payne

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  1. John E. Lisman
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  2. Edwin A. Richard
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  3. Sridhar Raghavachari
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  4. Richard Payne
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  1. Moran Eye Center/EIHG, University of Utah Health Science Center, 15 North/ 2030 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5330, USA

    Wolfgang Baehr Ph.D.

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Krzysztof Palczewski Ph.D.

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Lisman, J.E., Richard, E.A., Raghavachari, S., Payne, R. (2002). Simultaneous Roles for Ca2+ in Excitation and Adaptation of Limulus Ventral Photoreceptors. In: Baehr, W., Palczewski, K. (eds) Photoreceptors and Calcium. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 514. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0121-3_31

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