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The Importance of Stem Cell Senescence in Regenerative Medicine

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Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 9

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((CBTMED,volume 1288))

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an interesting tool in regenerative medicine and a unique cell-based therapy to treat aging-associated diseases. Successful MSC therapy needs a large-scale cell culture, and requires a prolonged in vitro cell culture that subsequently leads to cell senescence. Administration of senescent MSCs results in inefficient cell differentiation in the clinical setting. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to enhance our knowledge about the aging process and methods to detect cell senescence in order to overcome this challenge. Numerous studies have addressed senescence in various aspects. Here, we review the characteristics of MSCs, how aging affects their features, mechanisms involved in aging of MSCs, and potential approaches to detect MSC senescence in vitro.

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Abbreviations

5-AzaC:

5-azacytidine

AD-MSCs:

adipose-derived MSCs

array-CGH:

array complete genomic hybridization

BMSCs:

bone marrow MSCs

CDKN2B:

cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B

CFU-F:

colony-forming unit fibroblasts

CNAs:

copy number alterations

DNMT:

DNA methyltransferases

Flow-FISH:

flow fluorescence in situ hybridization

GVHD:

graft-versus-host disease

HATs:

histone acetyltransferase

HDACs:

histone deacetylases

HDMs:

histone demethylases

hMSCS:

human MSCs

HMTs:

histone methyltransferases

hTERC:

telomerase RNA template

hTERT:

catalytic enzyme telomerase reverse transcriptase

ISCT:

international society of cellular therapy

mBMSCs:

mouse BMSCs

MSCs:

mesenchymal stem cells

mTRF:

mean telomere restriction fragment

PARG1:

phosphate-associated RhoGAP protein-tyrosine

PcG:

polycomb-group

PD:

population doubling

SA-DNAm:

senescence-associated DNA-methylation

SA-β-Gal:

senescence-associated beta-galactosidase

siRNA:

small interfering RNA

SNVs:

single nucleotide variations

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Author notes

  1. Authors Maliheh Khademi-Shirvan and Mahsa Ghorbaninejad have equally contributed to this chapter

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

    Maliheh Khademi-Shirvan, Samaneh Hosseini & Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad

  2. Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

    Maliheh Khademi-Shirvan

  3. Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mahsa Ghorbaninejad

Authors
  1. Maliheh Khademi-Shirvan
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  2. Mahsa Ghorbaninejad
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  3. Samaneh Hosseini
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  4. Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Samaneh Hosseini or Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad .

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  1. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Kursad Turksen

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Khademi-Shirvan, M., Ghorbaninejad, M., Hosseini, S., Baghaban Eslaminejad, M. (2020). The Importance of Stem Cell Senescence in Regenerative Medicine. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 9. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1288. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2020_489

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