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Population Genomics pp 261–322Cite as

Landscape Genomics: Understanding Relationships Between Environmental Heterogeneity and Genomic Characteristics of Populations

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Part of the book series: Population Genomics ((POGE))

Abstract

Landscape genomics is a rapidly advancing research field that combines population genomics, landscape ecology, and spatial analytical techniques to explicitly quantify the effects of environmental heterogeneity on neutral and adaptive genetic variation and underlying processes. Landscape genomics has tremendous potential for addressing fundamental and applied research questions in various research fields, including ecology, evolution, and conservation biology. However, the unique combination of different scientific disciplines and analytical approaches also constitute a challenge to most researchers wishing to apply landscape genomics. Here, we present an introductory overview of important concepts and methods used in current landscape genomics. For this, we first define the field and explain basic concepts and methods to capture different hypotheses of landscape influences on neutral genetic variation. Next, we highlight established and emerging genomic tools for quantifying adaptive genetic variation in landscape genomic studies. To illustrate the covered topics and to demonstrate the potential of landscape genomics, we provide empirical examples addressing a variety of research question, i.e., the investigation of evolutionary processes driving population differentiation, the landscape genomics of range expanding species, and landscape genomic patterns in organisms of special interest, including species inhabiting aquatic and terrestrial environments. We conclude by outlining remaining challenges and future research avenues in landscape genomics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wildlife Sciences, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 3, Göttingen, 37077, Germany

    Niko Balkenhol

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, E8B Eastern Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia

    Rachael Y. Dudaniec

  3. Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, Göttingen, 37077, Germany

    Konstantin V. Krutovsky

  4. Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University, 2138 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Konstantin V. Krutovsky

  5. N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina Str., Moscow, 119333, Russia

    Konstantin V. Krutovsky

  6. Genome Research and Education Center, Siberian Federal University, 50a/2 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia

    Konstantin V. Krutovsky

  7. Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, MS 3147, College Station, TX, 77843-3147, USA

    Jeremy S. Johnson & David M. Cairns

  8. School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA

    Jeremy S. Johnson

  9. Dorena Genetic Resource Center, 34963 Shoreview Dr, Cottage Grove, OR, 97424, USA

    Jeremy S. Johnson

  10. Wildlife Ecology and Management, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, Freiburg, 79106, Germany

    Gernot Segelbacher

  11. Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, 735 State Street, Ste. 300, Santa Barbara, CA, 93101, USA

    Kimberly A. Selkoe

  12. Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa

    Sophie von der Heyden

  13. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall #3114, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3114, USA

    Ian J. Wang

  14. Laboratory of Geographic Information Systems (LASIG), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment GC – Station 18, Lausanne, Vaud, 1015, Switzerland

    Oliver Selmoni & Stéphane Joost

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  1. Niko Balkenhol
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Correspondence to Niko Balkenhol .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada

    Om P. Rajora

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Balkenhol, N. et al. (2017). Landscape Genomics: Understanding Relationships Between Environmental Heterogeneity and Genomic Characteristics of Populations. In: Rajora, O. (eds) Population Genomics. Population Genomics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/13836_2017_2

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