Regular ArticleSizing Highly Fragmented DNA in Individual Apoptotic Cells Using the Comet Assay and a DNA Crosslinking Agent
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2023, Journal of Drug Delivery Science and TechnologyGenotoxicity of (+)- and (−)-usnic acid in mice
2019, Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental MutagenesisCitation Excerpt :We observed “ghost cells” in addition to typical DNA comets. The formation of “ghost cells” indicates early-stage chromatin fragmentation during cell destruction or the induction of oxidative stress in cells [12,13]. The proportion of liver and kidney cells with atypical DNA comets in mice administered doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg (+)- and (-)-UA was 3–5 times higher than that in the control.
Toxicological evaluation of 2-dodecylcyclobutanone, a unique radiolytic compound of palmitic acid
2018, Food and Chemical ToxicologyCitation Excerpt :However, the World Health Organization stated that exclusive use of the comet assay cannot provide sufficient evidence to confirm the genotoxicity of a compound (WHO, 2003). Moreover, the comet assay might lead to misinterpretation of genotoxicity if comets with small heads and large diffuse tails observed from apoptotic cells are misread as the tails from DNA breaks induced by the test compound (Olive and Banath, 1995). Therefore, numerous studies have been conducted since this first report to further evaluate the genotoxicity of 2-dDCB, and most of which employed the bacterial reverse-mutation assay.
Cytotoxic, genotoxic and biochemical markers of insecticide toxicity evaluated in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and an HepG2 cell line
2016, Food and Chemical ToxicologyCitation Excerpt :Our results, especially those obtained on HepG2 cells, at the same concentrations and for the same exposure times, also support this damage mechanism. It is well-known that crosslinking agents increase the effective molecular weight of DNA, and prevent its denaturation in alkaline buffer and consequently reduce DNA migration in an electric field during single cell gel electrophoresis (Olive and Banath, 1995). When interstrand cross-links undergo nucleotide excision repair, additional breaks and alkali-labile sites are generated, which could be sensitively detected by the alkaline comet assay (McKenna et al., 2003).