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Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring of supported lipid bilayers on various substrates

Nature Protocols volume 5, pages 1096–1106 (2010)Cite this article

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Abstract

Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) mimic biological membranes and are a versatile platform for a wide range of biophysical research fields including lipid–protein interactions, protein–protein interactions and membrane-based biosensors. The quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) has had a pivotal role in understanding SLB formation on various substrates. As shown by its real-time kinetic monitoring of SLB formation, QCM-D can probe the dynamics of biomacromolecular interactions. We present a protocol for constructing zwitterionic SLBs supported on silicon oxide and titanium oxide, and discuss technical issues that need to be considered when working with charged lipid compositions. Furthermore, we explain a recently developed strategy that uses an amphipathic, α-helical (AH) peptide to form SLBs on gold and titanium oxide substrates. The protocols can be completed in less than 3 h.

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Figure 1: Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D)-monitoring principles.
Figure 2: QCM-D monitoring of zwitterionic SLB formation on a silicon oxide substrate.
Figure 3: QCM-D monitoring of charged SLB formation on a silicon oxide substrate.
Figure 4: QCM-D monitoring of negatively charged SLB formation on a titanium oxide substrate induced by divalent calcium cation.
Figure 5: QCM-D monitoring of AH peptide-mediated structural transformation from intact vesicles to an SLB on a gold substrate.

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Acknowledgements

N.-J.C. is a recipient of an American Liver Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship Award and a Global Roche Postdoctoral Fellowship. We wish to thank all the members of the Frank, Kasemo and Hook laboratories, who laid the foundation for future studies in the biomimetic sensor field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA

    Nam-Joon Cho

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA

    Nam-Joon Cho & Curtis W Frank

  3. Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Bengt Kasemo & Fredrik Höök

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N.-J.C. and F.H. conceived and designed the protocol and wrote the paper; C.W.F. and B.K. contributed to data analysis and paper editing.

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Correspondence to Nam-Joon Cho or Fredrik Höök.

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Cho, NJ., Frank, C., Kasemo, B. et al. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring of supported lipid bilayers on various substrates. Nat Protoc 5, 1096–1106 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2010.65

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